!12 bug: 变量的类型受右值类型影响而降级

Merge pull request !12 from zhangxun/bugfix/fix-not-supports-long-compare-command

.run/Demo8.run.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+<component name="ProjectRunConfigurationManager">
+  <configuration default="false" name="Demo8" type="Application" factoryName="Application" folderName="Demo" activateToolWindowBeforeRun="false">
+    <option name="ALTERNATIVE_JRE_PATH" value="graalvm-ce-23" />
+    <option name="MAIN_CLASS_NAME" value="org.jcnc.snow.compiler.cli.SnowCompiler" />
+    <module name="Snow" />
+    <option name="PROGRAM_PARAMETERS" value="-d playground/Demo8" />
+    <extension name="coverage">
+      <pattern>
+        <option name="PATTERN" value="org.jcnc.snow.compiler.parser.preprocessor.lexer.impl.api.*" />
+        <option name="ENABLED" value="true" />
+      </pattern>
+    </extension>
+    <method v="2">
+      <option name="Make" enabled="true" />
+    </method>
+  </configuration>
+</component>

playground/Demo8/Main.snow

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+module: Main
+    function: main
+        parameter:
+        return_type: long
+        body:
+            declare n: long
+            n = 2147483647
+            n = n + 1
+            return n
+        end body
+    end function
+end module

src/main/java/org/jcnc/snow/compiler/backend/generator/CmpJumpGenerator.java

@@ -28,6 +28,60 @@ public class CmpJumpGenerator implements InstructionGenerator<IRCompareJumpInstr
         return IRCompareJumpInstruction.class;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * 类型优先级：D &gt; F &gt; L &gt; I &gt; S &gt; B
+     */
+    private static int rank(char p) {
+        return switch (p) {
+            case 'D' -> 6;
+            case 'F' -> 5;
+            case 'L' -> 4;
+            case 'I' -> 3;
+            case 'S' -> 2;
+            case 'B' -> 1;
+            default -> 0;
+        };
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 返回优先级更高的类型字符
+     */
+    private static char promote(char a, char b) {
+        return rank(a) >= rank(b) ? a : b;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 单字符转字符串
+     */
+    private static String str(char p) {
+        return String.valueOf(p);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取从类型 {@code from} 到 {@code to} 的转换指令名。
+     * 相同类型或无显式转换需求返回 {@code null}。
+     */
+    private static String convert(char from, char to) {
+        if (from == to) return null;
+        return switch ("" + from + to) {
+            case "IL" -> "I2L";
+            case "ID" -> "I2D";
+            case "IF" -> "I2F";
+            case "LI" -> "L2I";
+            case "LD" -> "L2D";
+            case "LF" -> "L2F";
+            case "FI" -> "F2I";
+            case "FL" -> "F2L";
+            case "FD" -> "F2D";
+            case "DI" -> "D2I";
+            case "DL" -> "D2L";
+            case "DF" -> "D2F";
+            case "SI" -> "S2I";
+            case "BI" -> "B2I";
+            default -> null;
+        };
+    }
+
     /**
      * 生成条件比较跳转相关的虚拟机指令。
      *
@@ -45,10 +99,22 @@ public class CmpJumpGenerator implements InstructionGenerator<IRCompareJumpInstr
         int leftSlot = slotMap.get(ins.left());
         // 获取右操作数所在的寄存器槽编号
         int rightSlot = slotMap.get(ins.right());
+
+        char lType = out.getSlotType(leftSlot); // 未登记默认 'I'
+        char rType = out.getSlotType(rightSlot);
+
+        char tType = promote(lType, rType); // 类型提升结果
+
         // 加载左操作数到虚拟机栈
-        out.emit(OpHelper.opcode("I_LOAD") + " " + leftSlot);
+        out.emit(OpHelper.opcode(str(lType) + "_LOAD") + " " + leftSlot);
+        String cvt = convert(lType, tType);
+        if (cvt != null) out.emit(OpHelper.opcode(cvt));
+
         // 加载右操作数到虚拟机栈
-        out.emit(OpHelper.opcode("I_LOAD") + " " + rightSlot);
+        out.emit(OpHelper.opcode(str(rType) + "_LOAD") + " " + rightSlot);
+        cvt = convert(rType, tType);
+        if (cvt != null) out.emit(OpHelper.opcode(cvt));
+
         // 获取与当前比较操作对应的虚拟机操作码
         String cmpOp = IROpCodeMapper.toVMOp(ins.op());
         // 生成分支跳转指令，如果比较成立则跳转到目标标签

src/main/java/org/jcnc/snow/compiler/backend/util/IROpCodeMapper.java

@@ -82,6 +82,7 @@ public final class IROpCodeMapper {
         opcodeMap.put(IROpCode.NEG_D64, "D_NEG");
 
         // 比较运算映射
+        // 整形32位比较运算映射
         opcodeMap.put(IROpCode.CMP_EQ, "IC_E");   // 相等
         opcodeMap.put(IROpCode.CMP_NE, "IC_NE");   // 不等
         opcodeMap.put(IROpCode.CMP_LT, "IC_L");    // 小于
@@ -89,6 +90,14 @@ public final class IROpCodeMapper {
         opcodeMap.put(IROpCode.CMP_LE, "IC_LE");   // 小于等于
         opcodeMap.put(IROpCode.CMP_GE, "IC_GE");   // 大于等于
 
+        // 整形64位比较运算映射
+        opcodeMap.put(IROpCode.CMP_LEQ, "LC_E");   // 相等
+        opcodeMap.put(IROpCode.CMP_LNE, "LC_NE");   // 不等
+        opcodeMap.put(IROpCode.CMP_LLT, "LC_L");    // 小于
+        opcodeMap.put(IROpCode.CMP_LGT, "LC_G");    // 大于
+        opcodeMap.put(IROpCode.CMP_LLE, "LC_LE");   // 小于等于
+        opcodeMap.put(IROpCode.CMP_LGE, "LC_GE");   // 大于等于
+
         // 加载与存储
         opcodeMap.put(IROpCode.LOAD, "I_LOAD");  // 加载
         opcodeMap.put(IROpCode.STORE, "I_STORE"); // 存储

src/main/java/org/jcnc/snow/compiler/backend/util/OpHelper.java

@@ -95,6 +95,12 @@ public final class OpHelper {
         map.put("IC_GE", Integer.toString(VMOpCode.IC_GE));
         map.put("IC_L", Integer.toString(VMOpCode.IC_L));
         map.put("IC_LE", Integer.toString(VMOpCode.IC_LE));
+        map.put("LC_E", Integer.toString(VMOpCode.LC_E));
+        map.put("LC_NE", Integer.toString(VMOpCode.LC_NE));
+        map.put("LC_G", Integer.toString(VMOpCode.LC_G));
+        map.put("LC_GE", Integer.toString(VMOpCode.LC_GE));
+        map.put("LC_L", Integer.toString(VMOpCode.LC_L));
+        map.put("LC_LE", Integer.toString(VMOpCode.LC_LE));
         map.put("I_PUSH", Integer.toString(VMOpCode.I_PUSH));
         map.put("L_PUSH", Integer.toString(VMOpCode.L_PUSH));
         map.put("S_PUSH", Integer.toString(VMOpCode.S_PUSH));

src/main/java/org/jcnc/snow/compiler/ir/builder/ExpressionBuilder.java

@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ public record ExpressionBuilder(IRContext ctx) {
         switch (node) {
             // 数字字面量，直接加载到目标寄存器
             case NumberLiteralNode n ->
-                    InstructionFactory.loadConstInto(ctx, dest, ExpressionUtils.parseIntSafely(n.value()));
+                    InstructionFactory.loadConstInto(ctx, dest, ExpressionUtils.buildNumberConstant(ctx, n.value()));
             // 标识符，查找并move到目标寄存器
             case IdentifierNode id -> {
                 IRVirtualRegister src = ctx.getScope().lookup(id.name());
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ public record ExpressionBuilder(IRContext ctx) {
      * @return 存放该常量的寄存器
      */
     private IRVirtualRegister buildNumberLiteral(String value) {
-        IRConstant constant = ExpressionUtils.buildNumberConstant(value);
+        IRConstant constant = ExpressionUtils.buildNumberConstant(ctx, value);
         IRVirtualRegister reg = ctx.newRegister();
         ctx.addInstruction(new LoadConstInstruction(reg, constant));
         return reg;

src/main/java/org/jcnc/snow/compiler/ir/builder/FunctionBuilder.java

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ public class FunctionBuilder {
             // 2) 声明形参：为每个参数分配虚拟寄存器并声明到作用域
             for (ParameterNode p : functionNode.parameters()) {
                 IRVirtualRegister reg = irFunction.newRegister(); // 新寄存器
-                irContext.getScope().declare(p.name(), reg);      // 变量名→寄存器绑定
+                irContext.getScope().declare(p.name(), p.type(), reg);      // 变量名→寄存器绑定
                 irFunction.addParameter(reg);                     // 添加到函数参数列表
             }
 

src/main/java/org/jcnc/snow/compiler/ir/builder/IRBuilderScope.java

@@ -24,6 +24,13 @@ final class IRBuilderScope {
      */
     private final Map<String, IRVirtualRegister> vars = new HashMap<>();
 
+    /**
+     * 存储变量名到对应类型的映射。
+     * <br>
+     * 变量名为键，变量类型为值，用于变量类型提升。
+     */
+    private final Map<String, String> varTypes = new HashMap<>();
+
     /**
      * 当前作用域所绑定的 IRFunction 对象，用于申请新的虚拟寄存器。
      */
@@ -44,10 +51,12 @@ final class IRBuilderScope {
      * 调用绑定的 IRFunction.newRegister() 生成寄存器后保存到映射表中。
      *
      * @param name 变量名称，作为映射键使用
+     * @param type 变量类型
      */
-    void declare(String name) {
+    void declare(String name, String type) {
         IRVirtualRegister reg = fn.newRegister();
         vars.put(name, reg);
+        varTypes.put(name, type);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -55,10 +64,12 @@ final class IRBuilderScope {
      * 该方法可用于将外部或前一作用域的寄存器导入到本作用域。
      *
      * @param name 变量名称，作为映射键使用
+     * @param type 变量类型
      * @param reg  要绑定到该名称的 IRVirtualRegister 实例
      */
-    void declare(String name, IRVirtualRegister reg) {
+    void declare(String name, String type, IRVirtualRegister reg) {
         vars.put(name, reg);
+        varTypes.put(name, type);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -82,4 +93,15 @@ final class IRBuilderScope {
     IRVirtualRegister lookup(String name) {
         return vars.get(name);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * 根据变量名称在当前作用域中查找对应的类型。
+     *
+     * @param name 需要查询的变量名称
+     * @return 如果该名称已声明，则返回对应的类型
+     *         如果未声明，则返回 null
+     */
+    String lookupType(String name) {
+        return varTypes.get(name);
+    }
 }

src/main/java/org/jcnc/snow/compiler/ir/builder/IRContext.java

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import org.jcnc.snow.compiler.ir.core.IRFunction;
 import org.jcnc.snow.compiler.ir.core.IRInstruction;
 import org.jcnc.snow.compiler.ir.value.IRVirtualRegister;
 
+
 /**
  * IRContext 类负责封装当前正在构建的 IRFunction 实例
  * 以及与之配套的作用域管理（IRBuilderScope），
@@ -31,6 +32,11 @@ public class IRContext {
      */
     private final IRBuilderScope scope;
 
+    /**
+     * 当前声明变量的类型，不在声明变量时为空
+     */
+    private String varType;
+
     /**
      * 构造一个新的 IRContext，并将指定的 IRFunction 与作用域关联。
      *
@@ -41,6 +47,7 @@ public class IRContext {
         this.scope = new IRBuilderScope();
         // 关联作用域与 IRFunction，以便在声明变量时申请寄存器
         this.scope.attachFunction(function);
+        this.varType = null;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -85,4 +92,29 @@ public class IRContext {
     public String newLabel() {
         return "L" + (labelCounter++);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取当前 declare 编译阶段变量类型
+     *
+     * @return 当前 declare 的变量类型
+     */
+    public String getVarType() {
+        return varType;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 设置当前 declare 编译阶段变量类型
+     *
+     */
+    public void setVarType(String type) {
+        this.varType = type;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 清除当前 declare 编译阶段变量类型
+     *
+     */
+    public void clearVarType() {
+        this.varType = null;
+    }
 }

src/main/java/org/jcnc/snow/compiler/ir/builder/InstructionFactory.java

@@ -58,8 +58,8 @@ public class InstructionFactory {
      * @param dest  目标寄存器
      * @param value 要加载的整数常量
      */
-    public static void loadConstInto(IRContext ctx, IRVirtualRegister dest, int value) {
-        ctx.addInstruction(new LoadConstInstruction(dest, new IRConstant(value)));
+    public static void loadConstInto(IRContext ctx, IRVirtualRegister dest, IRConstant value) {
+        ctx.addInstruction(new LoadConstInstruction(dest, value));
     }
 
     /**

src/main/java/org/jcnc/snow/compiler/ir/builder/StatementBuilder.java

@@ -55,19 +55,37 @@ public class StatementBuilder {
         }
         if (stmt instanceof AssignmentNode(String var, ExpressionNode rhs)) {
             // 赋值语句，如 a = b + 1;
-            IRVirtualRegister target = getOrDeclareRegister(var);
+
+            final String type = ctx.getScope().lookupType(var);
+
+            // 1. 设置声明变量的类型
+            ctx.setVarType(type);
+
+            IRVirtualRegister target = getOrDeclareRegister(var, type);
             expr.buildInto(rhs, target);
+
+            // 2. 清除变量声明
+            ctx.clearVarType();
+
             return;
         }
         if (stmt instanceof DeclarationNode decl) {
             // 变量声明，如 int a = 1;
             if (decl.getInitializer().isPresent()) {
                 // 声明同时有初值
+
+                // 1. 设置声明变量的类型
+                ctx.setVarType(decl.getType());
+
                 IRVirtualRegister r = expr.build(decl.getInitializer().get());
-                ctx.getScope().declare(decl.getName(), r);
+
+                // 2. 清除变量声明
+                ctx.clearVarType();
+
+                ctx.getScope().declare(decl.getName(), decl.getType(), r);
             } else {
                 // 仅声明，无初值
-                ctx.getScope().declare(decl.getName());
+                ctx.getScope().declare(decl.getName(), decl.getType());
             }
             return;
         }
@@ -92,11 +110,11 @@ public class StatementBuilder {
      * @param name 变量名
      * @return 变量对应的虚拟寄存器
      */
-    private IRVirtualRegister getOrDeclareRegister(String name) {
+    private IRVirtualRegister getOrDeclareRegister(String name, String type) {
         IRVirtualRegister reg = ctx.getScope().lookup(name);
         if (reg == null) {
             reg = ctx.newRegister();
-            ctx.getScope().declare(name, reg);
+            ctx.getScope().declare(name, type, reg);
         }
         return reg;
     }

src/main/java/org/jcnc/snow/compiler/ir/core/IROpCode.java

@@ -66,13 +66,21 @@ public enum IROpCode {
     DIV_D64,   // 64位浮点除法
     NEG_D64,   // 64位浮点取负
 
-    /* ───── 逻辑与比较运算指令 ───── */
-    CMP_EQ,    // 相等比较：a == b
-    CMP_NE,    // 不等比较：a != b
-    CMP_LT,    // 小于比较：a < b
-    CMP_GT,    // 大于比较：a > b
-    CMP_LE,    // 小于等于：a <= b
-    CMP_GE,    // 大于等于：a >= b
+    /* ───── 逻辑与比较运算指令（32位整数：int） ───── */
+    CMP_EQ,    // 32位相等比较：a == b
+    CMP_NE,    // 32位不等比较：a != b
+    CMP_LT,    // 32位小于比较：a < b
+    CMP_GT,    // 32位大于比较：a > b
+    CMP_LE,    // 32位小于等于：a <= b
+    CMP_GE,    // 32位大于等于：a >= b
+
+    /* ───── 逻辑与比较运算指令（64位整数：long） ───── */
+    CMP_LEQ,    // 64位相等比较：a == b
+    CMP_LNE,    // 64位不等比较：a != b
+    CMP_LLT,    // 64位小于比较：a < b
+    CMP_LGT,    // 64位大于比较：a > b
+    CMP_LLE,    // 64位小于等于：a <= b
+    CMP_LGE,    // 64位大于等于：a >= b
 
     /* ───── 数据访问与常量操作 ───── */
     LOAD,      // 从内存加载数据至寄存器

src/main/java/org/jcnc/snow/compiler/ir/core/IROpCodeMappings.java

@@ -40,11 +40,11 @@ public final class IROpCodeMappings {
     );
     // 比较操作符映射
     public static final Map<String, IROpCode> CMP = Map.of(
-            "==", IROpCode.CMP_EQ,
-            "!=", IROpCode.CMP_NE,
-            "<",  IROpCode.CMP_LT,
-            ">",  IROpCode.CMP_GT,
-            "<=", IROpCode.CMP_LE,
-            ">=", IROpCode.CMP_GE
+            "==", IROpCode.CMP_LEQ,
+            "!=", IROpCode.CMP_LNE,
+            "<",  IROpCode.CMP_LLT,
+            ">",  IROpCode.CMP_LGT,
+            "<=", IROpCode.CMP_LLE,
+            ">=", IROpCode.CMP_LGE
     );
 }

src/main/java/org/jcnc/snow/compiler/ir/utils/ExpressionUtils.java

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package org.jcnc.snow.compiler.ir.utils;
 
+import org.jcnc.snow.compiler.ir.builder.IRContext;
 import org.jcnc.snow.compiler.ir.core.IROpCode;
 import org.jcnc.snow.compiler.ir.core.IROpCodeMappings;
 import org.jcnc.snow.compiler.ir.value.IRConstant;
@@ -56,14 +57,29 @@ public class ExpressionUtils {
      * 根据数字字面量字符串自动判断类型，生成对应类型的 IRConstant。
      * 支持 b/s/l/f/d 类型后缀与浮点格式，自动分配合适类型。
      *
+     * @param ctx IR 编译上下文环境
      * @param value 字面量字符串（如 "1", "2l", "3.14f", "5D"）
      * @return 生成的 IRConstant 对象，包含正确类型
      */
-    public static IRConstant buildNumberConstant(String value) {
+    public static IRConstant buildNumberConstant(IRContext ctx, String value) {
         char suffix = value.isEmpty() ? '\0' : Character.toLowerCase(value.charAt(value.length() - 1));
         String digits = switch (suffix) {
             case 'b','s','l','f','d' -> value.substring(0, value.length() - 1);
-            default -> value;
+            default -> {
+                if (ctx.getVarType() != null) {
+                    final var receiverType = ctx.getVarType();
+                    switch (receiverType) {
+                        case "byte" -> suffix = 'b';
+                        case "short" -> suffix = 's';
+                        case "int" -> suffix = 'i';
+                        case "long" -> suffix = 'l';
+                        case "float" -> suffix = 'f';
+                        case "double" -> suffix = 'd';
+                    }
+                }
+
+                yield value;
+            }
         };
         // 根据类型后缀或数值格式创建常量
         return switch (suffix) {

src/main/java/org/jcnc/snow/compiler/ir/utils/IROpCodeUtils.java

@@ -9,12 +9,12 @@ import java.util.Map;
  */
 public class IROpCodeUtils {
     private static final Map<IROpCode, IROpCode> INVERT = Map.of(
-        IROpCode.CMP_EQ, IROpCode.CMP_NE,
-        IROpCode.CMP_NE, IROpCode.CMP_EQ,
-        IROpCode.CMP_LT, IROpCode.CMP_GE,
-        IROpCode.CMP_GE, IROpCode.CMP_LT,
-        IROpCode.CMP_GT, IROpCode.CMP_LE,
-        IROpCode.CMP_LE, IROpCode.CMP_GT
+        IROpCode.CMP_LEQ, IROpCode.CMP_LNE,
+        IROpCode.CMP_LNE, IROpCode.CMP_LEQ,
+        IROpCode.CMP_LLT, IROpCode.CMP_LGE,
+        IROpCode.CMP_LGE, IROpCode.CMP_LLT,
+        IROpCode.CMP_LGT, IROpCode.CMP_LLE,
+        IROpCode.CMP_LLE, IROpCode.CMP_LGT
     );
 
     /**

src/main/java/org/jcnc/snow/vm/commands/control/long64/LCECommand.java

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+package org.jcnc.snow.vm.commands.control.long64;
+
+import org.jcnc.snow.vm.interfaces.Command;
+import org.jcnc.snow.vm.module.CallStack;
+import org.jcnc.snow.vm.module.LocalVariableStore;
+import org.jcnc.snow.vm.module.OperandStack;
+import org.jcnc.snow.vm.utils.LoggingUtils;
+
+/**
+ * The LCECommand class implements the {@link Command} interface and represents a conditional jump command in the virtual machine.
+ * This class compares two values from the stack, and if they are equal, it jumps to the specified target command.
+ *
+ * <p>Specific behavior:</p>
+ * <ul>
+ *     <li>Pops two integers from the virtual machine stack.</li>
+ *     <li>If the two integers are equal, jumps to the target command.</li>
+ *     <li>Otherwise, the program continues with the next command.</li>
+ * </ul>
+ */
+public class LCECommand implements Command {
+    /**
+     * Default constructor for creating an instance of LCECommand.
+     * This constructor is empty as no specific initialization is required.
+     */
+    public LCECommand() {
+        // Empty constructor
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Executes the virtual machine instruction's operation.
+     *
+     * <p>This method retrieves the necessary data from the virtual machine stack and local variable store based on the instruction's
+     * specific implementation, performs the operation, and updates the program counter (PC) to reflect the next instruction
+     * to be executed.</p>
+     *
+     * <p>The parameters provided allow the command to manipulate the operand stack, modify the local variables, and control the flow
+     * of execution by updating the program counter.</p>
+     *
+     * <p>The exact behavior of this method will depend on the specific instruction being executed (e.g., arithmetic, branching,
+     * function calls, etc.). For example, a `CALL` instruction will modify the call stack by pushing a new frame,
+     * while a `POP` instruction will remove an item from the operand stack.</p>
+     *
+     * @param parts              The array of instruction parameters, which usually includes the operator and related arguments
+     *                           (such as target addresses, values, or function names). These parameters may vary based on
+     *                           the instruction being executed.
+     * @param currentPC          The current program counter-value, indicating the address of the instruction being executed.
+     *                           This value is typically incremented after the execution of each instruction to point to the next one.
+     * @param operandStack       The virtual machine's operand stack manager, responsible for performing operations on the operand stack,
+     *                           such as pushing, popping, and peeking values.
+     * @param localVariableStore The local variable store, typically used to manage method-local variables during instruction execution.
+     *                           The store may not be used in every command but can be leveraged by instructions that require access
+     *                           to local variables.
+     * @param callStack          The virtual machine's call stack, which keeps track of the method invocation hierarchy. It is used by
+     *                           instructions that involve method calls or returns (such as `CALL` and `RETURN` instructions).
+     * @return The updated program counter-value, typically the current program counter-value incremented by 1, unless the
+     * instruction modifies control flow (such as a `JUMP` or `CALL`), in which case it may return a new address
+     * corresponding to the target of the jump or the subroutine to call.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public int execute(String[] parts, int currentPC, OperandStack operandStack, LocalVariableStore localVariableStore, CallStack callStack) {
+        // Parse the target command address
+        int target = Integer.parseInt(parts[1]);
+
+        // Pop the two operands from the stack
+        long b = (long) operandStack.pop();
+        long a = (long) operandStack.pop();
+
+        // If the operands are equal, jump to the target command
+        if (a == b) {
+            LoggingUtils.logInfo("Jumping to command", String.valueOf(target));
+            return target;
+        }
+
+        return currentPC + 1;
+    }
+}

src/main/java/org/jcnc/snow/vm/commands/control/long64/LCGCommand.java

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+package org.jcnc.snow.vm.commands.control.long64;
+
+import org.jcnc.snow.vm.interfaces.Command;
+import org.jcnc.snow.vm.module.CallStack;
+import org.jcnc.snow.vm.module.LocalVariableStore;
+import org.jcnc.snow.vm.module.OperandStack;
+import org.jcnc.snow.vm.utils.LoggingUtils;
+
+/**
+ * The LCGCommand class implements the {@link Command} interface and represents a conditional jump command in the virtual machine.
+ * This class compares two values from the stack, and if the first value is greater than the second, it jumps to the specified target command.
+ *
+ * <p>Specific behavior:</p>
+ * <ul>
+ *     <li>Pops two integers from the virtual machine stack.</li>
+ *     <li>If the first integer is greater than the second, jumps to the target command.</li>
+ *     <li>Otherwise, the program continues with the next command.</li>
+ * </ul>
+ */
+public class LCGCommand implements Command {
+    /**
+     * Default constructor for creating an instance of LCGCommand.
+     * This constructor is empty as no specific initialization is required.
+     */
+    public LCGCommand() {
+        // Empty constructor
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Executes the virtual machine instruction's operation.
+     *
+     * <p>This method retrieves the necessary data from the virtual machine stack and local variable store based on the instruction's
+     * specific implementation, performs the operation, and updates the program counter (PC) to reflect the next instruction
+     * to be executed.</p>
+     *
+     * <p>The parameters provided allow the command to manipulate the operand stack, modify the local variables, and control the flow
+     * of execution by updating the program counter.</p>
+     *
+     * <p>The exact behavior of this method will depend on the specific instruction being executed (e.g., arithmetic, branching,
+     * function calls, etc.). For example, a `CALL` instruction will modify the call stack by pushing a new frame,
+     * while a `POP` instruction will remove an item from the operand stack.</p>
+     *
+     * @param parts              The array of instruction parameters, which usually includes the operator and related arguments
+     *                           (such as target addresses, values, or function names). These parameters may vary based on
+     *                           the instruction being executed.
+     * @param currentPC          The current program counter-value, indicating the address of the instruction being executed.
+     *                           This value is typically incremented after the execution of each instruction to point to the next one.
+     * @param operandStack       The virtual machine's operand stack manager, responsible for performing operations on the operand stack,
+     *                           such as pushing, popping, and peeking values.
+     * @param localVariableStore The local variable store, typically used to manage method-local variables during instruction execution.
+     *                           The store may not be used in every command but can be leveraged by instructions that require access
+     *                           to local variables.
+     * @param callStack          The virtual machine's call stack, which keeps track of the method invocation hierarchy. It is used by
+     *                           instructions that involve method calls or returns (such as `CALL` and `RETURN` instructions).
+     * @return The updated program counter-value, typically the current program counter-value incremented by 1, unless the
+     * instruction modifies control flow (such as a `JUMP` or `CALL`), in which case it may return a new address
+     * corresponding to the target of the jump or the subroutine to call.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public int execute(String[] parts, int currentPC, OperandStack operandStack, LocalVariableStore localVariableStore, CallStack callStack) {
+        // Parse the target command address
+        int target = Integer.parseInt(parts[1]);
+
+        // Pop the two operands from the stack
+        long b = (long) operandStack.pop();
+        long a = (long) operandStack.pop();
+
+        // If the first operand is greater than the second, jump to the target command
+        if (a > b) {
+            LoggingUtils.logInfo("Jumping to command", String.valueOf(target));
+            return target;
+        }
+
+        return currentPC + 1;
+    }
+}

src/main/java/org/jcnc/snow/vm/commands/control/long64/LCGECommand.java

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+package org.jcnc.snow.vm.commands.control.long64;
+
+import org.jcnc.snow.vm.interfaces.Command;
+import org.jcnc.snow.vm.module.CallStack;
+import org.jcnc.snow.vm.module.LocalVariableStore;
+import org.jcnc.snow.vm.module.OperandStack;
+import org.jcnc.snow.vm.utils.LoggingUtils;
+
+/**
+ * The LCGECommand class implements the {@link Command} interface and represents a conditional jump command in the virtual machine.
+ * This class compares two values from the stack, and if the first value is greater than or equal to the second, it jumps to the specified target command.
+ *
+ * <p>Specific behavior:</p>
+ * <ul>
+ *     <li>Pops two integers from the virtual machine stack.</li>
+ *     <li>If the first integer is greater than or equal to the second, jumps to the target command.</li>
+ *     <li>Otherwise, the program continues with the next command.</li>
+ * </ul>
+ */
+public class LCGECommand implements Command {
+    /**
+     * Default constructor for creating an instance of LCGECommand.
+     * This constructor is empty as no specific initialization is required.
+     */
+    public LCGECommand() {
+        // Empty constructor
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Executes the virtual machine instruction's operation.
+     *
+     * <p>This method retrieves the necessary data from the virtual machine stack and local variable store based on the instruction's
+     * specific implementation, performs the operation, and updates the program counter (PC) to reflect the next instruction
+     * to be executed.</p>
+     *
+     * <p>The parameters provided allow the command to manipulate the operand stack, modify the local variables, and control the flow
+     * of execution by updating the program counter.</p>
+     *
+     * <p>The exact behavior of this method will depend on the specific instruction being executed (e.g., arithmetic, branching,
+     * function calls, etc.). For example, a `CALL` instruction will modify the call stack by pushing a new frame,
+     * while a `POP` instruction will remove an item from the operand stack.</p>
+     *
+     * @param parts              The array of instruction parameters, which usually includes the operator and related arguments
+     *                           (such as target addresses, values, or function names). These parameters may vary based on
+     *                           the instruction being executed.
+     * @param currentPC          The current program counter-value, indicating the address of the instruction being executed.
+     *                           This value is typically incremented after the execution of each instruction to point to the next one.
+     * @param operandStack       The virtual machine's operand stack manager, responsible for performing operations on the operand stack,
+     *                           such as pushing, popping, and peeking values.
+     * @param localVariableStore The local variable store, typically used to manage method-local variables during instruction execution.
+     *                           The store may not be used in every command but can be leveraged by instructions that require access
+     *                           to local variables.
+     * @param callStack          The virtual machine's call stack, which keeps track of the method invocation hierarchy. It is used by
+     *                           instructions that involve method calls or returns (such as `CALL` and `RETURN` instructions).
+     * @return The updated program counter-value, typically the current program counter-value incremented by 1, unless the
+     * instruction modifies control flow (such as a `JUMP` or `CALL`), in which case it may return a new address
+     * corresponding to the target of the jump or the subroutine to call.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public int execute(String[] parts, int currentPC, OperandStack operandStack, LocalVariableStore localVariableStore, CallStack callStack) {
+        // Parse the target command address
+        int target = Integer.parseInt(parts[1]);
+
+        // Pop the two operands from the stack
+        long b = (long) operandStack.pop();
+        long a = (long) operandStack.pop();
+
+        // If the first operand is greater than or equal to the second, jump to the target command
+        if (a >= b) {
+            LoggingUtils.logInfo("Jumping to command", String.valueOf(target));
+            return target;
+        }
+
+        return currentPC + 1;
+    }
+}

src/main/java/org/jcnc/snow/vm/commands/control/long64/LCLCommand.java

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+package org.jcnc.snow.vm.commands.control.long64;
+
+import org.jcnc.snow.vm.interfaces.Command;
+import org.jcnc.snow.vm.module.CallStack;
+import org.jcnc.snow.vm.module.LocalVariableStore;
+import org.jcnc.snow.vm.module.OperandStack;
+import org.jcnc.snow.vm.utils.LoggingUtils;
+
+/**
+ * The LCLCommand class implements the {@link Command} interface and represents a conditional jump command in the virtual machine.
+ * This class compares two values from the stack, and if the first value is less than the second, it jumps to the specified target command.
+ *
+ * <p>Specific behavior:</p>
+ * <ul>
+ *     <li>Pops two integers from the virtual machine stack.</li>
+ *     <li>If the first integer is less than the second, jumps to the target command.</li>
+ *     <li>Otherwise, the program continues with the next command.</li>
+ * </ul>
+ */
+public class LCLCommand implements Command {
+    /**
+     * Default constructor for creating an instance of LCLCommand.
+     * This constructor is empty as no specific initialization is required.
+     */
+    public LCLCommand() {
+        // Empty constructor
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Executes the virtual machine instruction's operation.
+     *
+     * <p>This method retrieves the necessary data from the virtual machine stack and local variable store based on the instruction's
+     * specific implementation, performs the operation, and updates the program counter (PC) to reflect the next instruction
+     * to be executed.</p>
+     *
+     * <p>The parameters provided allow the command to manipulate the operand stack, modify the local variables, and control the flow
+     * of execution by updating the program counter.</p>
+     *
+     * <p>The exact behavior of this method will depend on the specific instruction being executed (e.g., arithmetic, branching,
+     * function calls, etc.). For example, a `CALL` instruction will modify the call stack by pushing a new frame,
+     * while a `POP` instruction will remove an item from the operand stack.</p>
+     *
+     * @param parts              The array of instruction parameters, which usually includes the operator and related arguments
+     *                           (such as target addresses, values, or function names). These parameters may vary based on
+     *                           the instruction being executed.
+     * @param currentPC          The current program counter-value, indicating the address of the instruction being executed.
+     *                           This value is typically incremented after the execution of each instruction to point to the next one.
+     * @param operandStack       The virtual machine's operand stack manager, responsible for performing operations on the operand stack,
+     *                           such as pushing, popping, and peeking values.
+     * @param localVariableStore The local variable store, typically used to manage method-local variables during instruction execution.
+     *                           The store may not be used in every command but can be leveraged by instructions that require access
+     *                           to local variables.
+     * @param callStack          The virtual machine's call stack, which keeps track of the method invocation hierarchy. It is used by
+     *                           instructions that involve method calls or returns (such as `CALL` and `RETURN` instructions).
+     * @return The updated program counter-value, typically the current program counter-value incremented by 1, unless the
+     * instruction modifies control flow (such as a `JUMP` or `CALL`), in which case it may return a new address
+     * corresponding to the target of the jump or the subroutine to call.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public int execute(String[] parts, int currentPC, OperandStack operandStack, LocalVariableStore localVariableStore, CallStack callStack) {
+        // Parse the target command address
+        int target = Integer.parseInt(parts[1]);
+
+        // Pop the two operands from the stack
+        long b = (long) operandStack.pop();
+        long a = (long) operandStack.pop();
+
+        // If the first operand is less than the second, jump to the target command
+        if (a < b) {
+            LoggingUtils.logInfo("Jumping to command", String.valueOf(target));
+            return target;
+        }
+
+        return currentPC + 1;
+    }
+}

src/main/java/org/jcnc/snow/vm/commands/control/long64/LCLECommand.java

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+package org.jcnc.snow.vm.commands.control.long64;
+
+import org.jcnc.snow.vm.interfaces.Command;
+import org.jcnc.snow.vm.module.CallStack;
+import org.jcnc.snow.vm.module.LocalVariableStore;
+import org.jcnc.snow.vm.module.OperandStack;
+import org.jcnc.snow.vm.utils.LoggingUtils;
+
+/**
+ * The LCLECommand class implements the {@link Command} interface and represents a conditional jump command in the virtual machine.
+ * This class compares two values from the stack, and if the first value is less than or equal to the second, it jumps to the specified target command.
+ *
+ * <p>Specific behavior:</p>
+ * <ul>
+ *     <li>Pops two integers from the virtual machine stack.</li>
+ *     <li>If the first integer is less than or equal to the second, jumps to the target command.</li>
+ *     <li>Otherwise, the program continues with the next command.</li>
+ * </ul>
+ */
+public class LCLECommand implements Command {
+    /**
+     * Default constructor for creating an instance of LCLECommand.
+     * This constructor is empty as no specific initialization is required.
+     */
+    public LCLECommand() {
+        // Empty constructor
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Executes the virtual machine instruction's operation.
+     *
+     * <p>This method retrieves the necessary data from the virtual machine stack and local variable store based on the instruction's
+     * specific implementation, performs the operation, and updates the program counter (PC) to reflect the next instruction
+     * to be executed.</p>
+     *
+     * <p>The parameters provided allow the command to manipulate the operand stack, modify the local variables, and control the flow
+     * of execution by updating the program counter.</p>
+     *
+     * <p>The exact behavior of this method will depend on the specific instruction being executed (e.g., arithmetic, branching,
+     * function calls, etc.). For example, a `CALL` instruction will modify the call stack by pushing a new frame,
+     * while a `POP` instruction will remove an item from the operand stack.</p>
+     *
+     * @param parts              The array of instruction parameters, which usually includes the operator and related arguments
+     *                           (such as target addresses, values, or function names). These parameters may vary based on
+     *                           the instruction being executed.
+     * @param currentPC          The current program counter-value, indicating the address of the instruction being executed.
+     *                           This value is typically incremented after the execution of each instruction to point to the next one.
+     * @param operandStack       The virtual machine's operand stack manager, responsible for performing operations on the operand stack,
+     *                           such as pushing, popping, and peeking values.
+     * @param localVariableStore The local variable store, typically used to manage method-local variables during instruction execution.
+     *                           The store may not be used in every command but can be leveraged by instructions that require access
+     *                           to local variables.
+     * @param callStack          The virtual machine's call stack, which keeps track of the method invocation hierarchy. It is used by
+     *                           instructions that involve method calls or returns (such as `CALL` and `RETURN` instructions).
+     * @return The updated program counter-value, typically the current program counter-value incremented by 1, unless the
+     * instruction modifies control flow (such as a `JUMP` or `CALL`), in which case it may return a new address
+     * corresponding to the target of the jump or the subroutine to call.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public int execute(String[] parts, int currentPC, OperandStack operandStack, LocalVariableStore localVariableStore, CallStack callStack) {
+        // Parse the target command address
+        int target = Integer.parseInt(parts[1]);
+
+        // Pop the two operands from the stack
+        long b = (long) operandStack.pop();
+        long a = (long) operandStack.pop();
+
+        // If the first operand is less than or equal to the second, jump to the target command
+        if (a <= b) {
+            LoggingUtils.logInfo("Jumping to command", String.valueOf(target));
+            return target;
+        }
+
+        return currentPC + 1;
+    }
+}

src/main/java/org/jcnc/snow/vm/commands/control/long64/LCNECommand.java

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+package org.jcnc.snow.vm.commands.control.long64;
+
+import org.jcnc.snow.vm.interfaces.Command;
+import org.jcnc.snow.vm.module.CallStack;
+import org.jcnc.snow.vm.module.LocalVariableStore;
+import org.jcnc.snow.vm.module.OperandStack;
+import org.jcnc.snow.vm.utils.LoggingUtils;
+
+/**
+ * The LCNECommand class implements the {@link Command} interface and represents a conditional jump command
+ * in the virtual machine that triggers if two values are not equal.
+ *
+ * <p>Specific behavior:</p>
+ * <ul>
+ *     <li>Pops two integers from the virtual machine stack.</li>
+ *     <li>If the two integers are not equal, jumps to the target command.</li>
+ *     <li>Otherwise, the program continues with the next command.</li>
+ * </ul>
+ */
+public class LCNECommand implements Command {
+    /**
+     * Default constructor for creating an instance of LCNECommand.
+     * This constructor is empty as no specific initialization is required.
+     */
+    public LCNECommand() {
+        // Empty constructor
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Executes the virtual machine instruction's operation.
+     *
+     * <p>This method retrieves the necessary data from the virtual machine stack and local variable store based on the instruction's
+     * specific implementation, performs the operation, and updates the program counter (PC) to reflect the next instruction
+     * to be executed.</p>
+     *
+     * <p>The parameters provided allow the command to manipulate the operand stack, modify the local variables, and control the flow
+     * of execution by updating the program counter.</p>
+     *
+     * <p>The exact behavior of this method will depend on the specific instruction being executed (e.g., arithmetic, branching,
+     * function calls, etc.). For example, a `CALL` instruction will modify the call stack by pushing a new frame,
+     * while a `POP` instruction will remove an item from the operand stack.</p>
+     *
+     * @param parts              The array of instruction parameters, which usually includes the operator and related arguments
+     *                           (such as target addresses, values, or function names). These parameters may vary based on
+     *                           the instruction being executed.
+     * @param currentPC          The current program counter-value, indicating the address of the instruction being executed.
+     *                           This value is typically incremented after the execution of each instruction to point to the next one.
+     * @param operandStack       The virtual machine's operand stack manager, responsible for performing operations on the operand stack,
+     *                           such as pushing, popping, and peeking values.
+     * @param localVariableStore The local variable store, typically used to manage method-local variables during instruction execution.
+     *                           The store may not be used in every command but can be leveraged by instructions that require access
+     *                           to local variables.
+     * @param callStack          The virtual machine's call stack, which keeps track of the method invocation hierarchy. It is used by
+     *                           instructions that involve method calls or returns (such as `CALL` and `RETURN` instructions).
+     * @return The updated program counter-value, typically the current program counter-value incremented by 1, unless the
+     * instruction modifies control flow (such as a `JUMP` or `CALL`), in which case it may return a new address
+     * corresponding to the target of the jump or the subroutine to call.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public int execute(String[] parts, int currentPC, OperandStack operandStack, LocalVariableStore localVariableStore, CallStack callStack) {
+        // Parse the target command address
+        int target = Integer.parseInt(parts[1]);
+
+        // Pop the two operands from the stack
+        long b = (long) operandStack.pop();
+        long a = (long) operandStack.pop();
+
+        // If the operands are not equal, jump to the target command
+        if (a != b) {
+            LoggingUtils.logInfo("Jumping to command", String.valueOf(target));
+            return target;
+        }
+
+        return currentPC + 1;
+    }
+}

src/main/java/org/jcnc/snow/vm/engine/VMOpCode.java

@@ -1101,6 +1101,7 @@ public class VMOpCode {
 
 
     // 3. Control Flow Operations (91–110)
+    // 3.1 JUMP (91-91)
     /**
      * JUMP Opcode: Represents an unconditional jump to a target instruction address.
      * <p>This opcode is implemented by the {@link JumpCommand} class, which defines its specific execution logic.</p>
@@ -1120,6 +1121,7 @@ public class VMOpCode {
      * </ul>
      */
     public static final int JUMP = 91;
+    // 3.2 int32 (92-97)
     /**
      * IC_E Opcode: Represents a conditional jump based on int32 equality.
      * <p>This opcode is implemented by the {@link ICECommand} class, which defines its specific execution logic.</p>
@@ -1246,6 +1248,133 @@ public class VMOpCode {
      * </ul>
      */
     public static final int IC_LE = 97;
+    // 3.3 long64 (98-103)
+    /**
+     * LC_E Opcode: Represents a conditional jump based on long64 equality.
+     * <p>This opcode is implemented by the {@link ICECommand} class, which defines its specific execution logic.</p>
+     *
+     * <p>Execution Steps:</p>
+     * <ol>
+     *     <li>Parses the target instruction address from the instruction parameters.</li>
+     *     <li>Pops two long64 values from the operand stack.</li>
+     *     <li>Compares the two long64s for equality.</li>
+     *     <li>If the long64s are equal, updates the program counter (PC) to the specified target address,
+     *         effectively jumping to the target instruction.</li>
+     *     <li>If the long64s are not equal, increments the program counter to proceed with the next sequential instruction.</li>
+     * </ol>
+     *
+     * <p>This opcode is commonly used for:</p>
+     * <ul>
+     *     <li>Conditional branching in virtual machine execution based on long64 comparison.</li>
+     *     <li>Implementing control flow structures such as if-statements and loops.</li>
+     * </ul>
+     */
+    public static final int LC_E = 98;
+    /**
+     * LC_NE Opcode: Represents a conditional jump based on long64 inequality.
+     * <p>This opcode is implemented by the {@link ICNECommand} class, which defines its specific execution logic.</p>
+     *
+     * <p>Execution Steps:</p>
+     * <ol>
+     *     <li>Parses the target instruction address from the instruction parameters.</li>
+     *     <li>Pops two long64 values from the operand stack.</li>
+     *     <li>Compares the two long64s for inequality.</li>
+     *     <li>If the long64s are not equal, updates the program counter (PC) to the specified target address,
+     *         effectively jumping to the target instruction.</li>
+     *     <li>If the long64s are equal, increments the program counter to proceed with the next sequential instruction.</li>
+     * </ol>
+     *
+     * <p>This opcode is commonly used for:</p>
+     * <ul>
+     *     <li>Conditional branching in virtual machine execution based on long64 comparison.</li>
+     *     <li>Implementing control flow structures such as conditional loops and if-else statements.</li>
+     * </ul>
+     */
+    public static final int LC_NE = 99;
+    /**
+     * LC_G Opcode: Represents a conditional jump based on long64 comparison (greater than).
+     * <p>This opcode is implemented by the {@link ICGCommand} class, which defines its specific execution logic.</p>
+     *
+     * <p>Execution Steps:</p>
+     * <ol>
+     *     <li>Parses the target instruction address from the instruction parameters.</li>
+     *     <li>Pops two long64 values from the operand stack.</li>
+     *     <li>Compares the first long64 with the second to determine if it is greater.</li>
+     *     <li>If the first long64 is greater than the second, updates the program counter (PC) to the specified target address,
+     *         effectively jumping to the target instruction.</li>
+     *     <li>If the first long64 is not greater than the second, increments the program counter to proceed with the next sequential instruction.</li>
+     * </ol>
+     *
+     * <p>This opcode is commonly used for:</p>
+     * <ul>
+     *     <li>Conditional branching in virtual machine execution based on long64 comparison.</li>
+     *     <li>Implementing control flow structures such as greater-than conditions in loops and conditional statements.</li>
+     * </ul>
+     */
+    public static final int LC_G = 100;
+    /**
+     * LC_GE Opcode: Represents a conditional jump based on long64 comparison (greater than or equal to).
+     * <p>This opcode is implemented by the {@link ICGECommand} class, which defines its specific execution logic.</p>
+     *
+     * <p>Execution Steps:</p>
+     * <ol>
+     *     <li>Parses the target instruction address from the instruction parameters.</li>
+     *     <li>Pops two long64 values from the operand stack.</li>
+     *     <li>Compares the first long64 with the second to determine if it is greater than or equal to the second long64.</li>
+     *     <li>If the first long64 is greater than or equal to the second, updates the program counter (PC) to the specified target address,
+     *         effectively jumping to the target instruction.</li>
+     *     <li>If the first long64 is less than the second, increments the program counter to proceed with the next sequential instruction.</li>
+     * </ol>
+     *
+     * <p>This opcode is commonly used for:</p>
+     * <ul>
+     *     <li>Conditional branching in virtual machine execution based on long64 comparison.</li>
+     *     <li>Implementing control flow structures such as loops, conditional statements, and range checks.</li>
+     * </ul>
+     */
+    public static final int LC_GE = 101;
+    /**
+     * LC_L Opcode: Represents a conditional jump based on long64 comparison (less than).
+     * <p>This opcode is implemented by the {@link ICLCommand} class, which defines its specific execution logic.</p>
+     *
+     * <p>Execution Steps:</p>
+     * <ol>
+     *     <li>Parses the target instruction address from the instruction parameters.</li>
+     *     <li>Pops two long64 values from the operand stack.</li>
+     *     <li>Compares the first long64 with the second to determine if it is less than the second long64.</li>
+     *     <li>If the first long64 is less than the second, updates the program counter (PC) to the specified target address,
+     *         effectively jumping to the target instruction.</li>
+     *     <li>If the first long64 is greater than or equal to the second, increments the program counter to proceed with the next sequential instruction.</li>
+     * </ol>
+     *
+     * <p>This opcode is commonly used for:</p>
+     * <ul>
+     *     <li>Conditional branching in virtual machine execution based on long64 comparison.</li>
+     *     <li>Implementing control flow structures such as loops, conditional statements, and range validations.</li>
+     * </ul>
+     */
+    public static final int LC_L = 102;
+    /**
+     * LC_LE Opcode: Represents a conditional jump based on long64 comparison (less than or equal).
+     * <p>This opcode is implemented by the {@link ICLECommand} class, which defines its specific execution logic.</p>
+     *
+     * <p>Execution Steps:</p>
+     * <ol>
+     *     <li>Parses the target instruction address from the instruction parameters.</li>
+     *     <li>Pops two long64 values from the operand stack.</li>
+     *     <li>Compares the first long64 with the second to determine if it is less than or equal to the second long64.</li>
+     *     <li>If the first long64 is less than or equal to the second, updates the program counter (PC) to the specified target address,
+     *         effectively jumping to the target instruction.</li>
+     *     <li>If the first long64 is greater than the second, increments the program counter to proceed with the next sequential instruction.</li>
+     * </ol>
+     *
+     * <p>This opcode is commonly used for:</p>
+     * <ul>
+     *     <li>Conditional branching in virtual machine execution based on long64 comparison.</li>
+     *     <li>Implementing control flow structures such as loops, conditional statements, and boundary checks.</li>
+     * </ul>
+     */
+    public static final int LC_LE = 103;
 
     // 4.  Stack Operations (111–150)
     // 4.1 PUSH (111-120)

src/main/java/org/jcnc/snow/vm/factories/CommandFactory.java

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import org.jcnc.snow.vm.commands.bitwise.long64.LOrCommand;
 import org.jcnc.snow.vm.commands.bitwise.long64.LXorCommand;
 import org.jcnc.snow.vm.commands.control.all.JumpCommand;
 import org.jcnc.snow.vm.commands.control.int32.*;
+import org.jcnc.snow.vm.commands.control.long64.*;
 import org.jcnc.snow.vm.commands.function.CallCommand;
 import org.jcnc.snow.vm.commands.function.RetCommand;
 import org.jcnc.snow.vm.commands.memory.all.MovCommand;
@@ -142,13 +143,22 @@ public class CommandFactory {
         COMMANDS[VMOpCode.L_XOR] = new LXorCommand();      // 88
 
         // 3. Control Flow Operations (91–110)
+        // 3.1 JUMP (91-91)
         COMMANDS[VMOpCode.JUMP] = new JumpCommand();       // 91
+        // 3.2 int32 (92-97)
         COMMANDS[VMOpCode.IC_E] = new ICECommand();        // 92
         COMMANDS[VMOpCode.IC_NE] = new ICNECommand();      // 93
         COMMANDS[VMOpCode.IC_G] = new ICGCommand();        // 94
         COMMANDS[VMOpCode.IC_GE] = new ICGECommand();      // 95
         COMMANDS[VMOpCode.IC_L] = new ICLCommand();        // 96
         COMMANDS[VMOpCode.IC_LE] = new ICLECommand();      // 97
+        // 3.3 long64 (98-103)
+        COMMANDS[VMOpCode.LC_E] = new LCECommand();        // 98
+        COMMANDS[VMOpCode.LC_NE] = new LCNECommand();      // 99
+        COMMANDS[VMOpCode.LC_G] = new LCGCommand();        // 100
+        COMMANDS[VMOpCode.LC_GE] = new LCGECommand();      // 101
+        COMMANDS[VMOpCode.LC_L] = new LCLCommand();        // 102
+        COMMANDS[VMOpCode.LC_LE] = new LCLECommand();      // 103
 
         // 4.  Stack Operations (111–150)
         // 4.1 PUSH (111-120)