diff --git a/GFramework.Core.Abstractions/resource/IResourceHandle.cs b/GFramework.Core.Abstractions/resource/IResourceHandle.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bfdfc50
--- /dev/null
+++ b/GFramework.Core.Abstractions/resource/IResourceHandle.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+namespace GFramework.Core.Abstractions.resource;
+
+/// <summary>
+///     资源句柄接口，用于管理资源的生命周期和引用
+/// </summary>
+/// <typeparam name="T">资源类型</typeparam>
+public interface IResourceHandle<out T> : IDisposable where T : class
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     获取资源实例
+    /// </summary>
+    T? Resource { get; }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     获取资源路径
+    /// </summary>
+    string Path { get; }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     获取资源是否有效（未被释放）
+    /// </summary>
+    bool IsValid { get; }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     获取当前引用计数
+    /// </summary>
+    int ReferenceCount { get; }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     增加引用计数
+    /// </summary>
+    void AddReference();
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     减少引用计数
+    /// </summary>
+    void RemoveReference();
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/GFramework.Core.Abstractions/resource/IResourceLoader.cs b/GFramework.Core.Abstractions/resource/IResourceLoader.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..01e8834
--- /dev/null
+++ b/GFramework.Core.Abstractions/resource/IResourceLoader.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+namespace GFramework.Core.Abstractions.resource;
+
+/// <summary>
+///     资源加载器接口，用于加载特定类型的资源
+/// </summary>
+/// <typeparam name="T">资源类型</typeparam>
+public interface IResourceLoader<T> where T : class
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     同步加载资源
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="path">资源路径</param>
+    /// <returns>加载的资源实例</returns>
+    T Load(string path);
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     异步加载资源
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="path">资源路径</param>
+    /// <returns>加载的资源实例</returns>
+    Task<T> LoadAsync(string path);
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     卸载资源
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="resource">要卸载的资源</param>
+    void Unload(T resource);
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     检查是否支持加载指定路径的资源
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="path">资源路径</param>
+    /// <returns>如果支持返回 true，否则返回 false</returns>
+    bool CanLoad(string path);
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/GFramework.Core.Abstractions/resource/IResourceManager.cs b/GFramework.Core.Abstractions/resource/IResourceManager.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dbdc5bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/GFramework.Core.Abstractions/resource/IResourceManager.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+using GFramework.Core.Abstractions.utility;
+
+namespace GFramework.Core.Abstractions.resource;
+
+/// <summary>
+///     资源管理器接口，提供资源加载、缓存和卸载功能
+///     线程安全：所有方法都是线程安全的
+/// </summary>
+public interface IResourceManager : IUtility
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     获取已加载资源的数量
+    /// </summary>
+    int LoadedResourceCount { get; }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     同步加载资源
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <typeparam name="T">资源类型</typeparam>
+    /// <param name="path">资源路径</param>
+    /// <returns>资源实例，如果加载失败返回 null</returns>
+    T? Load<T>(string path) where T : class;
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     异步加载资源
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <typeparam name="T">资源类型</typeparam>
+    /// <param name="path">资源路径</param>
+    /// <returns>资源实例，如果加载失败返回 null</returns>
+    Task<T?> LoadAsync<T>(string path) where T : class;
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     获取资源句柄（增加引用计数）
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <typeparam name="T">资源类型</typeparam>
+    /// <param name="path">资源路径</param>
+    /// <returns>资源句柄</returns>
+    IResourceHandle<T>? GetHandle<T>(string path) where T : class;
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     卸载指定路径的资源
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="path">资源路径</param>
+    /// <returns>如果成功卸载返回 true，否则返回 false</returns>
+    bool Unload(string path);
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     卸载所有资源
+    /// </summary>
+    void UnloadAll();
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     检查资源是否已加载
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="path">资源路径</param>
+    /// <returns>如果已加载返回 true，否则返回 false</returns>
+    bool IsLoaded(string path);
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     注册资源加载器
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <typeparam name="T">资源类型</typeparam>
+    /// <param name="loader">资源加载器</param>
+    void RegisterLoader<T>(IResourceLoader<T> loader) where T : class;
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     取消注册资源加载器
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <typeparam name="T">资源类型</typeparam>
+    void UnregisterLoader<T>() where T : class;
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     预加载资源（加载但不返回）
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <typeparam name="T">资源类型</typeparam>
+    /// <param name="path">资源路径</param>
+    Task PreloadAsync<T>(string path) where T : class;
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     获取所有已加载资源的路径
+    /// </summary>
+    IEnumerable<string> GetLoadedResourcePaths();
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     设置资源释放策略
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="strategy">资源释放策略</param>
+    void SetReleaseStrategy(IResourceReleaseStrategy strategy);
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/GFramework.Core.Abstractions/resource/IResourceReleaseStrategy.cs b/GFramework.Core.Abstractions/resource/IResourceReleaseStrategy.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c3ae8f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/GFramework.Core.Abstractions/resource/IResourceReleaseStrategy.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+namespace GFramework.Core.Abstractions.resource;
+
+/// <summary>
+///     资源释放策略接口
+///     定义当资源引用计数变化时的处理行为
+/// </summary>
+public interface IResourceReleaseStrategy
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     判断是否应该释放资源
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="path">资源路径</param>
+    /// <param name="refCount">当前引用计数</param>
+    /// <returns>如果应该释放返回 true，否则返回 false</returns>
+    bool ShouldRelease(string path, int refCount);
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/GFramework.Core.Tests/resource/ResourceManagerTests.cs b/GFramework.Core.Tests/resource/ResourceManagerTests.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..61a12ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/GFramework.Core.Tests/resource/ResourceManagerTests.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,407 @@
+using System.IO;
+using GFramework.Core.Abstractions.resource;
+using GFramework.Core.resource;
+using NUnit.Framework;
+
+namespace GFramework.Core.Tests.resource;
+
+/// <summary>
+///     测试用的简单资源类
+/// </summary>
+public class TestResource
+{
+    public string Content { get; set; } = string.Empty;
+    public bool IsDisposed { get; set; }
+}
+
+/// <summary>
+///     测试用的资源加载器
+/// </summary>
+public class TestResourceLoader : IResourceLoader<TestResource>
+{
+    private readonly Dictionary<string, string> _resourceData = new();
+
+    public TestResource Load(string path)
+    {
+        if (_resourceData.TryGetValue(path, out var content))
+        {
+            return new TestResource { Content = content };
+        }
+
+        throw new FileNotFoundException($"Resource not found: {path}");
+    }
+
+    public async Task<TestResource> LoadAsync(string path)
+    {
+        await Task.Delay(10); // 模拟异步加载
+        return Load(path);
+    }
+
+    public void Unload(TestResource resource)
+    {
+        resource.IsDisposed = true;
+    }
+
+    public bool CanLoad(string path)
+    {
+        return _resourceData.ContainsKey(path);
+    }
+
+    public void AddTestData(string path, string content)
+    {
+        _resourceData[path] = content;
+    }
+}
+
+/// <summary>
+///     ResourceManager 功能测试类
+/// </summary>
+[TestFixture]
+public class ResourceManagerTests
+{
+    [SetUp]
+    public void SetUp()
+    {
+        _resourceManager = new ResourceManager();
+        _testLoader = new TestResourceLoader();
+        _testLoader.AddTestData("test/resource1.txt", "Content 1");
+        _testLoader.AddTestData("test/resource2.txt", "Content 2");
+        _resourceManager.RegisterLoader(_testLoader);
+    }
+
+    [TearDown]
+    public void TearDown()
+    {
+        _resourceManager.UnloadAll();
+    }
+
+    private ResourceManager _resourceManager = null!;
+    private TestResourceLoader _testLoader = null!;
+
+    [Test]
+    public void Load_Should_Load_Resource()
+    {
+        var resource = _resourceManager.Load<TestResource>("test/resource1.txt");
+
+        Assert.That(resource, Is.Not.Null);
+        Assert.That(resource!.Content, Is.EqualTo("Content 1"));
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public void Load_Should_Return_Cached_Resource()
+    {
+        var resource1 = _resourceManager.Load<TestResource>("test/resource1.txt");
+        var resource2 = _resourceManager.Load<TestResource>("test/resource1.txt");
+
+        Assert.That(resource1, Is.SameAs(resource2));
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public async Task LoadAsync_Should_Load_Resource()
+    {
+        var resource = await _resourceManager.LoadAsync<TestResource>("test/resource1.txt");
+
+        Assert.That(resource, Is.Not.Null);
+        Assert.That(resource!.Content, Is.EqualTo("Content 1"));
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public void Load_Should_Throw_When_No_Loader_Registered()
+    {
+        _resourceManager.UnregisterLoader<TestResource>();
+
+        Assert.Throws<InvalidOperationException>(() => { _resourceManager.Load<TestResource>("test/resource1.txt"); });
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public void IsLoaded_Should_Return_True_When_Resource_Loaded()
+    {
+        _resourceManager.Load<TestResource>("test/resource1.txt");
+
+        Assert.That(_resourceManager.IsLoaded("test/resource1.txt"), Is.True);
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public void IsLoaded_Should_Return_False_When_Resource_Not_Loaded()
+    {
+        Assert.That(_resourceManager.IsLoaded("test/nonexistent.txt"), Is.False);
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public void Unload_Should_Remove_Resource()
+    {
+        _resourceManager.Load<TestResource>("test/resource1.txt");
+
+        var unloaded = _resourceManager.Unload("test/resource1.txt");
+
+        Assert.That(unloaded, Is.True);
+        Assert.That(_resourceManager.IsLoaded("test/resource1.txt"), Is.False);
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public void UnloadAll_Should_Remove_All_Resources()
+    {
+        _resourceManager.Load<TestResource>("test/resource1.txt");
+        _resourceManager.Load<TestResource>("test/resource2.txt");
+
+        _resourceManager.UnloadAll();
+
+        Assert.That(_resourceManager.LoadedResourceCount, Is.EqualTo(0));
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public void LoadedResourceCount_Should_Return_Correct_Count()
+    {
+        _resourceManager.Load<TestResource>("test/resource1.txt");
+        _resourceManager.Load<TestResource>("test/resource2.txt");
+
+        Assert.That(_resourceManager.LoadedResourceCount, Is.EqualTo(2));
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public void GetLoadedResourcePaths_Should_Return_All_Paths()
+    {
+        _resourceManager.Load<TestResource>("test/resource1.txt");
+        _resourceManager.Load<TestResource>("test/resource2.txt");
+
+        var paths = _resourceManager.GetLoadedResourcePaths().ToList();
+
+        Assert.That(paths, Has.Count.EqualTo(2));
+        Assert.That(paths, Contains.Item("test/resource1.txt"));
+        Assert.That(paths, Contains.Item("test/resource2.txt"));
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public void GetHandle_Should_Return_Valid_Handle()
+    {
+        _resourceManager.Load<TestResource>("test/resource1.txt");
+
+        var handle = _resourceManager.GetHandle<TestResource>("test/resource1.txt");
+
+        Assert.That(handle, Is.Not.Null);
+        Assert.That(handle!.IsValid, Is.True);
+        Assert.That(handle.Resource, Is.Not.Null);
+        Assert.That(handle.Path, Is.EqualTo("test/resource1.txt"));
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public void GetHandle_Should_Return_Null_When_Resource_Not_Loaded()
+    {
+        var handle = _resourceManager.GetHandle<TestResource>("test/nonexistent.txt");
+
+        Assert.That(handle, Is.Null);
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public void Handle_Dispose_Should_Decrease_Reference_Count()
+    {
+        _resourceManager.Load<TestResource>("test/resource1.txt");
+
+        var handle = _resourceManager.GetHandle<TestResource>("test/resource1.txt");
+        handle!.Dispose();
+
+        // 资源应该仍然存在，因为还有一个初始引用
+        Assert.That(_resourceManager.IsLoaded("test/resource1.txt"), Is.True);
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public async Task PreloadAsync_Should_Load_Resource()
+    {
+        await _resourceManager.PreloadAsync<TestResource>("test/resource1.txt");
+
+        Assert.That(_resourceManager.IsLoaded("test/resource1.txt"), Is.True);
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public void Load_Should_Throw_When_Path_Is_Null_Or_Empty()
+    {
+        Assert.Throws<ArgumentException>(() => _resourceManager.Load<TestResource>(null!));
+        Assert.Throws<ArgumentException>(() => _resourceManager.Load<TestResource>(""));
+        Assert.Throws<ArgumentException>(() => _resourceManager.Load<TestResource>("   "));
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public void RegisterLoader_Should_Throw_When_Loader_Is_Null()
+    {
+        Assert.Throws<ArgumentNullException>(() => { _resourceManager.RegisterLoader<TestResource>(null!); });
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public void Concurrent_Load_Should_Be_Thread_Safe()
+    {
+        const int threadCount = 10;
+        var tasks = new Task[threadCount];
+        var exceptions = new List<Exception>();
+        var resources = new TestResource?[threadCount];
+
+        for (var i = 0; i < threadCount; i++)
+        {
+            var index = i;
+            tasks[i] = Task.Run(() =>
+            {
+                try
+                {
+                    resources[index] = _resourceManager.Load<TestResource>("test/resource1.txt");
+                }
+                catch (Exception ex)
+                {
+                    lock (exceptions)
+                    {
+                        exceptions.Add(ex);
+                    }
+                }
+            });
+        }
+
+        Task.WaitAll(tasks);
+
+        Assert.That(exceptions, Is.Empty);
+        Assert.That(resources.All(r => r != null), Is.True);
+        Assert.That(resources.All(r => r == resources[0]), Is.True, "所有线程应该获得同一个资源实例");
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public async Task Concurrent_LoadAsync_Should_Be_Thread_Safe()
+    {
+        const int threadCount = 10;
+        var tasks = new Task<TestResource?>[threadCount];
+
+        for (var i = 0; i < threadCount; i++)
+        {
+            tasks[i] = _resourceManager.LoadAsync<TestResource>("test/resource1.txt");
+        }
+
+        var resources = await Task.WhenAll(tasks);
+
+        Assert.That(resources.All(r => r != null), Is.True);
+        Assert.That(resources.All(r => r == resources[0]), Is.True, "所有任务应该获得同一个资源实例");
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public void Concurrent_Load_Different_Resources_Should_Work()
+    {
+        const int threadCount = 2;
+        var tasks = new Task[threadCount];
+        var exceptions = new List<Exception>();
+
+        tasks[0] = Task.Run(() =>
+        {
+            try
+            {
+                for (var i = 0; i < 100; i++)
+                {
+                    _resourceManager.Load<TestResource>("test/resource1.txt");
+                }
+            }
+            catch (Exception ex)
+            {
+                lock (exceptions)
+                {
+                    exceptions.Add(ex);
+                }
+            }
+        });
+
+        tasks[1] = Task.Run(() =>
+        {
+            try
+            {
+                for (var i = 0; i < 100; i++)
+                {
+                    _resourceManager.Load<TestResource>("test/resource2.txt");
+                }
+            }
+            catch (Exception ex)
+            {
+                lock (exceptions)
+                {
+                    exceptions.Add(ex);
+                }
+            }
+        });
+
+        Task.WaitAll(tasks);
+
+        Assert.That(exceptions, Is.Empty);
+        Assert.That(_resourceManager.LoadedResourceCount, Is.EqualTo(2));
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public void ManualReleaseStrategy_Should_Not_Auto_Unload()
+    {
+        _resourceManager.SetReleaseStrategy(new ManualReleaseStrategy());
+        _resourceManager.Load<TestResource>("test/resource1.txt");
+
+        using (var handle = _resourceManager.GetHandle<TestResource>("test/resource1.txt"))
+        {
+            handle?.Dispose();
+        }
+
+        // 验证资源仍然在缓存中
+        Assert.That(_resourceManager.LoadedResourceCount, Is.EqualTo(1));
+        Assert.That(_resourceManager.IsLoaded("test/resource1.txt"), Is.True);
+
+        // 手动获取资源验证其未被卸载
+        var cachedResource = _resourceManager.GetHandle<TestResource>("test/resource1.txt");
+        Assert.That(cachedResource, Is.Not.Null);
+        Assert.That(cachedResource!.Resource, Is.Not.Null);
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public void AutoReleaseStrategy_Should_Auto_Unload_When_RefCount_Zero()
+    {
+        _resourceManager.SetReleaseStrategy(new AutoReleaseStrategy());
+        _resourceManager.Load<TestResource>("test/resource1.txt");
+        var handle = _resourceManager.GetHandle<TestResource>("test/resource1.txt");
+
+        // 释放句柄
+        handle!.Dispose();
+
+        // 自动释放策略：资源应该被自动卸载
+        Assert.That(_resourceManager.IsLoaded("test/resource1.txt"), Is.False);
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public void AutoReleaseStrategy_Should_Not_Unload_With_Active_References()
+    {
+        _resourceManager.SetReleaseStrategy(new AutoReleaseStrategy());
+        _resourceManager.Load<TestResource>("test/resource1.txt");
+        var handle1 = _resourceManager.GetHandle<TestResource>("test/resource1.txt");
+        var handle2 = _resourceManager.GetHandle<TestResource>("test/resource1.txt");
+
+        // 释放一个句柄
+        handle1!.Dispose();
+
+        // 还有一个活跃引用，资源不应该被卸载
+        Assert.That(_resourceManager.IsLoaded("test/resource1.txt"), Is.True);
+
+        // 释放第二个句柄
+        handle2!.Dispose();
+
+        // 现在资源应该被自动卸载
+        Assert.That(_resourceManager.IsLoaded("test/resource1.txt"), Is.False);
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public void SetReleaseStrategy_Should_Throw_When_Strategy_Is_Null()
+    {
+        Assert.Throws<ArgumentNullException>(() => { _resourceManager.SetReleaseStrategy(null!); });
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public void Can_Switch_Between_Release_Strategies()
+    {
+        // 开始使用手动释放策略
+        _resourceManager.Load<TestResource>("test/resource1.txt");
+        var handle1 = _resourceManager.GetHandle<TestResource>("test/resource1.txt");
+        handle1!.Dispose();
+        Assert.That(_resourceManager.IsLoaded("test/resource1.txt"), Is.True);
+
+        // 切换到自动释放策略
+        _resourceManager.SetReleaseStrategy(new AutoReleaseStrategy());
+        _resourceManager.Load<TestResource>("test/resource2.txt");
+        var handle2 = _resourceManager.GetHandle<TestResource>("test/resource2.txt");
+        handle2!.Dispose();
+        Assert.That(_resourceManager.IsLoaded("test/resource2.txt"), Is.False);
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/GFramework.Core/configuration/ConfigurationManager.cs b/GFramework.Core/configuration/ConfigurationManager.cs
index 3bf749c..bc515de 100644
--- a/GFramework.Core/configuration/ConfigurationManager.cs
+++ b/GFramework.Core/configuration/ConfigurationManager.cs
@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ using System.IO;
 using System.Text.Json;
 using GFramework.Core.Abstractions.configuration;
 using GFramework.Core.Abstractions.events;
+using GFramework.Core.Abstractions.logging;
+using GFramework.Core.logging;
 
 namespace GFramework.Core.configuration;
 
@@ -32,6 +34,8 @@ public class ConfigurationManager : IConfigurationManager
     /// </summary>
     private readonly ConcurrentDictionary<string, object> _configs = new();
 
+    private readonly ILogger _logger = LoggerFactoryResolver.Provider.CreateLogger(nameof(ConfigurationManager));
+
     /// <summary>
     ///     用于保护监听器列表的锁
     /// </summary>
@@ -289,7 +293,7 @@ public class ConfigurationManager : IConfigurationManager
             catch (Exception ex)
             {
                 // 防止监听器异常影响其他监听器
-                Console.Error.WriteLine(
+                _logger.Error(
                     $"[ConfigurationManager] Error in config watcher for key '{key}': {ex.Message}");
             }
         }
diff --git a/GFramework.Core/coroutine/CoroutineScheduler.cs b/GFramework.Core/coroutine/CoroutineScheduler.cs
index eb7e04a..6b9d7f2 100644
--- a/GFramework.Core/coroutine/CoroutineScheduler.cs
+++ b/GFramework.Core/coroutine/CoroutineScheduler.cs
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 using GFramework.Core.Abstractions.coroutine;
+using GFramework.Core.Abstractions.logging;
 using GFramework.Core.coroutine.instructions;
+using GFramework.Core.logging;
 
 namespace GFramework.Core.coroutine;
 
@@ -15,6 +17,7 @@ public sealed class CoroutineScheduler(
     byte instanceId = 1,
     int initialCapacity = 256)
 {
+    private readonly ILogger _logger = LoggerFactoryResolver.Provider.CreateLogger(nameof(CoroutineScheduler));
     private readonly Dictionary<CoroutineHandle, CoroutineMetadata> _metadata = new();
     private readonly Dictionary<string, HashSet<CoroutineHandle>> _tagged = new();
     private readonly ITimeSource _timeSource = timeSource ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(timeSource));
@@ -400,13 +403,13 @@ public sealed class CoroutineScheduler(
                 catch (Exception callbackEx)
                 {
                     // 防止回调异常传播，记录到控制台
-                    Console.Error.WriteLine($"[CoroutineScheduler] Exception in error callback: {callbackEx}");
+                    _logger.Error($"[CoroutineScheduler] Exception in error callback: {callbackEx}");
                 }
             });
         }
 
         // 输出到控制台作为后备
-        Console.Error.WriteLine($"[CoroutineScheduler] Coroutine {handle} failed with exception: {ex}");
+        _logger.Error($"[CoroutineScheduler] Coroutine {handle} failed with exception: {ex}");
 
         // 完成协程
         Complete(slotIndex);
diff --git a/GFramework.Core/resource/AutoReleaseStrategy.cs b/GFramework.Core/resource/AutoReleaseStrategy.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6325e85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/GFramework.Core/resource/AutoReleaseStrategy.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+using GFramework.Core.Abstractions.resource;
+
+namespace GFramework.Core.resource;
+
+/// <summary>
+///     自动释放策略
+///     当资源引用计数降为 0 时自动卸载资源
+/// </summary>
+public class AutoReleaseStrategy : IResourceReleaseStrategy
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     判断是否应该释放资源
+    ///     当引用计数降为 0 时返回 true
+    /// </summary>
+    public bool ShouldRelease(string path, int refCount)
+    {
+        return refCount <= 0;
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/GFramework.Core/resource/ManualReleaseStrategy.cs b/GFramework.Core/resource/ManualReleaseStrategy.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dd50757
--- /dev/null
+++ b/GFramework.Core/resource/ManualReleaseStrategy.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+using GFramework.Core.Abstractions.resource;
+
+namespace GFramework.Core.resource;
+
+/// <summary>
+///     手动释放策略
+///     引用计数降为 0 时不自动卸载资源，需要手动调用 Unload
+/// </summary>
+public class ManualReleaseStrategy : IResourceReleaseStrategy
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     判断是否应该释放资源（始终返回 false）
+    /// </summary>
+    public bool ShouldRelease(string path, int refCount)
+    {
+        // 手动释放策略：永远不自动释放，由用户显式调用 Unload
+        return false;
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/GFramework.Core/resource/ResourceCache.cs b/GFramework.Core/resource/ResourceCache.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..745f4fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/GFramework.Core/resource/ResourceCache.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
+using System.Collections.Concurrent;
+
+namespace GFramework.Core.resource;
+
+/// <summary>
+///     资源缓存条目
+/// </summary>
+internal sealed class ResourceCacheEntry(object resource, Type resourceType)
+{
+    public object Resource { get; } = resource ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(resource));
+    public Type ResourceType { get; } = resourceType ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(resourceType));
+    public int ReferenceCount { get; set; }
+    public DateTime LastAccessTime { get; set; } = DateTime.UtcNow;
+}
+
+/// <summary>
+///     资源缓存系统，管理已加载资源的缓存和引用计数
+///     线程安全：所有公共方法都是线程安全的
+/// </summary>
+internal sealed class ResourceCache
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Path 参数验证错误消息常量
+    /// </summary>
+    private const string PathCannotBeNullOrEmptyMessage = "Path cannot be null or whitespace.";
+
+    private readonly ConcurrentDictionary<string, ResourceCacheEntry> _cache = new();
+    private readonly object _lock = new();
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     获取已缓存资源的数量
+    /// </summary>
+    public int Count => _cache.Count;
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     添加资源到缓存
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <typeparam name="T">资源类型</typeparam>
+    /// <param name="path">资源路径</param>
+    /// <param name="resource">资源实例</param>
+    /// <returns>如果成功添加返回 true，如果已存在返回 false</returns>
+    public bool Add<T>(string path, T resource) where T : class
+    {
+        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(path))
+            throw new ArgumentException(PathCannotBeNullOrEmptyMessage, nameof(path));
+
+        ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(resource);
+
+        var entry = new ResourceCacheEntry(resource, typeof(T));
+        return _cache.TryAdd(path, entry);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     从缓存中获取资源
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <typeparam name="T">资源类型</typeparam>
+    /// <param name="path">资源路径</param>
+    /// <returns>资源实例，如果不存在或类型不匹配返回 null</returns>
+    public T? Get<T>(string path) where T : class
+    {
+        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(path))
+            throw new ArgumentException(PathCannotBeNullOrEmptyMessage, nameof(path));
+
+        if (_cache.TryGetValue(path, out var entry))
+        {
+            lock (_lock)
+            {
+                entry.LastAccessTime = DateTime.UtcNow;
+            }
+
+            if (entry.Resource is T typedResource)
+            {
+                return typedResource;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     检查资源是否在缓存中
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="path">资源路径</param>
+    /// <returns>如果存在返回 true，否则返回 false</returns>
+    public bool Contains(string path)
+    {
+        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(path))
+            throw new ArgumentException(PathCannotBeNullOrEmptyMessage, nameof(path));
+
+        return _cache.ContainsKey(path);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     从缓存中移除资源
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="path">资源路径</param>
+    /// <returns>如果成功移除返回 true，否则返回 false</returns>
+    public bool Remove(string path)
+    {
+        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(path))
+            throw new ArgumentException(PathCannotBeNullOrEmptyMessage, nameof(path));
+
+        return _cache.TryRemove(path, out _);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     清空所有缓存
+    /// </summary>
+    public void Clear()
+    {
+        _cache.Clear();
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     增加资源的引用计数
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="path">资源路径</param>
+    /// <returns>如果成功增加返回 true，如果资源不存在返回 false</returns>
+    public bool AddReference(string path)
+    {
+        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(path))
+            throw new ArgumentException(PathCannotBeNullOrEmptyMessage, nameof(path));
+
+        if (_cache.TryGetValue(path, out var entry))
+        {
+            lock (_lock)
+            {
+                entry.ReferenceCount++;
+                entry.LastAccessTime = DateTime.UtcNow;
+            }
+
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     减少资源的引用计数
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="path">资源路径</param>
+    /// <returns>减少后的引用计数，如果资源不存在返回 -1</returns>
+    public int RemoveReference(string path)
+    {
+        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(path))
+            throw new ArgumentException(PathCannotBeNullOrEmptyMessage, nameof(path));
+
+        if (_cache.TryGetValue(path, out var entry))
+        {
+            lock (_lock)
+            {
+                entry.ReferenceCount--;
+                return entry.ReferenceCount;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     获取资源的引用计数
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="path">资源路径</param>
+    /// <returns>引用计数，如果资源不存在返回 -1</returns>
+    public int GetReferenceCount(string path)
+    {
+        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(path))
+            throw new ArgumentException(PathCannotBeNullOrEmptyMessage, nameof(path));
+
+        if (_cache.TryGetValue(path, out var entry))
+        {
+            lock (_lock)
+            {
+                return entry.ReferenceCount;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     获取所有已缓存资源的路径
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <returns>资源路径集合</returns>
+    public IEnumerable<string> GetAllPaths()
+    {
+        return _cache.Keys.ToList();
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     获取所有引用计数为 0 的资源路径
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <returns>资源路径集合</returns>
+    public IEnumerable<string> GetUnreferencedPaths()
+    {
+        var unreferencedPaths = new List<string>();
+
+        foreach (var kvp in _cache)
+        {
+            lock (_lock)
+            {
+                if (kvp.Value.ReferenceCount <= 0)
+                {
+                    unreferencedPaths.Add(kvp.Key);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return unreferencedPaths;
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/GFramework.Core/resource/ResourceHandle.cs b/GFramework.Core/resource/ResourceHandle.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..208b1cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/GFramework.Core/resource/ResourceHandle.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+using GFramework.Core.Abstractions.logging;
+using GFramework.Core.Abstractions.resource;
+using GFramework.Core.logging;
+
+namespace GFramework.Core.resource;
+
+/// <summary>
+///     资源句柄实现，管理资源的生命周期和引用计数
+///     线程安全：所有公共方法都是线程安全的
+/// </summary>
+/// <typeparam name="T">资源类型</typeparam>
+internal sealed class ResourceHandle<T> : IResourceHandle<T> where T : class
+{
+    private readonly object _lock = new();
+    private readonly ILogger _logger = LoggerFactoryResolver.Provider.CreateLogger(nameof(ResourceHandle<T>));
+    private readonly Action<string> _onDispose;
+    private bool _disposed;
+    private int _referenceCount;
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     创建资源句柄
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="resource">资源实例</param>
+    /// <param name="path">资源路径</param>
+    /// <param name="onDispose">释放时的回调</param>
+    public ResourceHandle(T resource, string path, Action<string> onDispose)
+    {
+        Resource = resource ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(resource));
+        Path = path ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(path));
+        _onDispose = onDispose ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(onDispose));
+        _referenceCount = 1;
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     获取资源实例
+    /// </summary>
+    public T? Resource { get; private set; }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     获取资源路径
+    /// </summary>
+    public string Path { get; }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     获取资源是否有效
+    /// </summary>
+    public bool IsValid
+    {
+        get
+        {
+            lock (_lock)
+            {
+                return !_disposed && Resource != null;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     获取当前引用计数
+    /// </summary>
+    public int ReferenceCount
+    {
+        get
+        {
+            lock (_lock)
+            {
+                return _referenceCount;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     增加引用计数
+    /// </summary>
+    public void AddReference()
+    {
+        lock (_lock)
+        {
+            if (_disposed)
+                throw new ObjectDisposedException(nameof(ResourceHandle<T>));
+
+            _referenceCount++;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     减少引用计数
+    /// </summary>
+    public void RemoveReference()
+    {
+        lock (_lock)
+        {
+            if (_disposed)
+                return;
+
+            _referenceCount--;
+
+            if (_referenceCount <= 0)
+            {
+                DisposeInternal();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     释放资源句柄
+    /// </summary>
+    public void Dispose()
+    {
+        lock (_lock)
+        {
+            if (_disposed)
+                return;
+
+            _referenceCount--;
+
+            if (_referenceCount <= 0)
+            {
+                DisposeInternal();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     内部释放方法（必须在锁内调用）
+    /// </summary>
+    private void DisposeInternal()
+    {
+        if (_disposed)
+            return;
+
+        _disposed = true;
+        Resource = null;
+
+        try
+        {
+            _onDispose(Path);
+        }
+        catch (Exception ex)
+        {
+            _logger.Error($"[ResourceHandle] Error disposing resource '{Path}': {ex.Message}");
+        }
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/GFramework.Core/resource/ResourceManager.cs b/GFramework.Core/resource/ResourceManager.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3801a14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/GFramework.Core/resource/ResourceManager.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,334 @@
+using System.Collections.Concurrent;
+using GFramework.Core.Abstractions.logging;
+using GFramework.Core.Abstractions.resource;
+using GFramework.Core.logging;
+
+namespace GFramework.Core.resource;
+
+/// <summary>
+///     资源管理器实现，提供资源加载、缓存和卸载功能
+///     线程安全：所有公共方法都是线程安全的
+/// </summary>
+public class ResourceManager : IResourceManager
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Path 参数验证错误消息常量
+    /// </summary>
+    private const string PathCannotBeNullOrEmptyMessage = "Path cannot be null or whitespace.";
+
+    private readonly ResourceCache _cache = new();
+    private readonly ConcurrentDictionary<Type, object> _loaders = new();
+    private readonly object _loadLock = new();
+    private readonly ILogger _logger = LoggerFactoryResolver.Provider.CreateLogger(nameof(ResourceManager));
+    private IResourceReleaseStrategy _releaseStrategy;
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     创建资源管理器
+    ///     默认使用手动释放策略
+    /// </summary>
+    public ResourceManager()
+    {
+        _releaseStrategy = new ManualReleaseStrategy();
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     获取已加载资源的数量
+    /// </summary>
+    public int LoadedResourceCount => _cache.Count;
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     同步加载资源
+    /// </summary>
+    public T? Load<T>(string path) where T : class
+    {
+        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(path))
+            throw new ArgumentException(PathCannotBeNullOrEmptyMessage, nameof(path));
+
+        // 检查缓存
+        var cached = _cache.Get<T>(path);
+        if (cached != null)
+        {
+            _cache.AddReference(path);
+            return cached;
+        }
+
+        // 加载资源
+        lock (_loadLock)
+        {
+            // 双重检查
+            cached = _cache.Get<T>(path);
+            if (cached != null)
+            {
+                _cache.AddReference(path);
+                return cached;
+            }
+
+            var loader = GetLoader<T>();
+            if (loader == null)
+            {
+                throw new InvalidOperationException($"No loader registered for type {typeof(T).Name}");
+            }
+
+            try
+            {
+                var resource = loader.Load(path);
+                _cache.Add(path, resource);
+                _cache.AddReference(path);
+                return resource;
+            }
+            catch (Exception ex)
+            {
+                _logger.Error($"[ResourceManager] Failed to load resource '{path}': {ex.Message}");
+                return null;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     异步加载资源
+    /// </summary>
+    public async Task<T?> LoadAsync<T>(string path) where T : class
+    {
+        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(path))
+            throw new ArgumentException(PathCannotBeNullOrEmptyMessage, nameof(path));
+
+        // 检查缓存
+        var cached = _cache.Get<T>(path);
+        if (cached != null)
+        {
+            _cache.AddReference(path);
+            return cached;
+        }
+
+        var loader = GetLoader<T>();
+        if (loader == null)
+        {
+            throw new InvalidOperationException($"No loader registered for type {typeof(T).Name}");
+        }
+
+        try
+        {
+            var resource = await loader.LoadAsync(path);
+            lock (_loadLock)
+            {
+                // 双重检查
+                cached = _cache.Get<T>(path);
+                if (cached != null)
+                {
+                    // 已经被其他线程加载了，卸载当前加载的资源
+                    loader.Unload(resource);
+                    _cache.AddReference(path);
+                    return cached;
+                }
+
+                _cache.Add(path, resource);
+                _cache.AddReference(path);
+            }
+
+            return resource;
+        }
+        catch (Exception ex)
+        {
+            _logger.Error($"[ResourceManager] Failed to load resource '{path}': {ex.Message}");
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     获取资源句柄
+    /// </summary>
+    public IResourceHandle<T>? GetHandle<T>(string path) where T : class
+    {
+        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(path))
+            throw new ArgumentException(PathCannotBeNullOrEmptyMessage, nameof(path));
+
+        var resource = _cache.Get<T>(path);
+        if (resource == null)
+            return null;
+
+        _cache.AddReference(path);
+        return new ResourceHandle<T>(resource, path, HandleDispose);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     卸载指定路径的资源
+    /// </summary>
+    public bool Unload(string path)
+    {
+        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(path))
+            throw new ArgumentException(PathCannotBeNullOrEmptyMessage, nameof(path));
+
+        lock (_loadLock)
+        {
+            var resource = _cache.Get<object>(path);
+            if (resource == null)
+                return false;
+
+            // 检查引用计数
+            var refCount = _cache.GetReferenceCount(path);
+            if (refCount > 0)
+            {
+                _logger.Error(
+                    $"[ResourceManager] Cannot unload resource '{path}' with {refCount} active references");
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            // 卸载资源
+            UnloadResource(resource);
+
+            // 从缓存中移除
+            return _cache.Remove(path);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     卸载所有资源
+    /// </summary>
+    public void UnloadAll()
+    {
+        lock (_loadLock)
+        {
+            var paths = _cache.GetAllPaths().ToList();
+
+            foreach (var path in paths)
+            {
+                var resource = _cache.Get<object>(path);
+                if (resource != null)
+                {
+                    UnloadResource(resource);
+                }
+            }
+
+            _cache.Clear();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     检查资源是否已加载
+    /// </summary>
+    public bool IsLoaded(string path)
+    {
+        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(path))
+            throw new ArgumentException(PathCannotBeNullOrEmptyMessage, nameof(path));
+
+        return _cache.Contains(path);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     注册资源加载器
+    /// </summary>
+    public void RegisterLoader<T>(IResourceLoader<T> loader) where T : class
+    {
+        if (loader == null)
+            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(loader));
+
+        _loaders[typeof(T)] = loader;
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     取消注册资源加载器
+    /// </summary>
+    public void UnregisterLoader<T>() where T : class
+    {
+        _loaders.TryRemove(typeof(T), out _);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     预加载资源
+    /// </summary>
+    public async Task PreloadAsync<T>(string path) where T : class
+    {
+        await LoadAsync<T>(path);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     获取所有已加载资源的路径
+    /// </summary>
+    public IEnumerable<string> GetLoadedResourcePaths()
+    {
+        return _cache.GetAllPaths();
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     设置资源释放策略
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="strategy">资源释放策略</param>
+    public void SetReleaseStrategy(IResourceReleaseStrategy strategy)
+    {
+        _releaseStrategy = strategy ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(strategy));
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     获取指定类型的资源加载器
+    /// </summary>
+    private IResourceLoader<T>? GetLoader<T>() where T : class
+    {
+        if (_loaders.TryGetValue(typeof(T), out var loader))
+        {
+            return loader as IResourceLoader<T>;
+        }
+
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     卸载资源实例
+    /// </summary>
+    private void UnloadResource(object resource)
+    {
+        var resourceType = resource.GetType();
+
+        if (_loaders.TryGetValue(resourceType, out var loaderObj))
+        {
+            try
+            {
+                var unloadMethod = loaderObj.GetType().GetMethod("Unload");
+                unloadMethod?.Invoke(loaderObj, new[] { resource });
+            }
+            catch (Exception ex)
+            {
+                _logger.Error($"[ResourceManager] Error unloading resource: {ex.Message}");
+            }
+        }
+
+        // 如果资源实现了 IDisposable，调用 Dispose
+        if (resource is IDisposable disposable)
+        {
+            try
+            {
+                disposable.Dispose();
+            }
+            catch (Exception ex)
+            {
+                _logger.Error($"[ResourceManager] Error disposing resource: {ex.Message}");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     句柄释放时的回调
+    /// </summary>
+    private void HandleDispose(string path)
+    {
+        var refCount = _cache.RemoveReference(path);
+
+        // 使用策略模式判断是否应该释放资源
+        if (_releaseStrategy.ShouldRelease(path, refCount))
+        {
+            lock (_loadLock)
+            {
+                // 双重检查引用计数，避免竞态条件
+                var currentRefCount = _cache.GetReferenceCount(path);
+                if (currentRefCount <= 0)
+                {
+                    var resource = _cache.Get<object>(path);
+                    if (resource != null)
+                    {
+                        UnloadResource(resource);
+                        _cache.Remove(path);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file