diff --git a/GFramework.Game.Tests/Data/PersistenceTestUtilities.cs b/GFramework.Game.Tests/Data/PersistenceTestUtilities.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9324b7b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/GFramework.Game.Tests/Data/PersistenceTestUtilities.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+using GFramework.Game.Abstractions.Data;
+using GFramework.Game.Abstractions.Enums;
+
+namespace GFramework.Game.Tests.Data;
+
+internal sealed record TestDataLocation(
+    string Key,
+    StorageKinds Kinds = StorageKinds.Local,
+    string? Namespace = null,
+    IReadOnlyDictionary<string, string>? Metadata = null) : IDataLocation;
+
+internal sealed class TestSaveData : IData
+{
+    public string Name { get; set; } = string.Empty;
+}
+
+internal sealed class TestSimpleData : IData
+{
+    public int Value { get; set; }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/GFramework.Game.Tests/Data/PersistenceTests.cs b/GFramework.Game.Tests/Data/PersistenceTests.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c5937034
--- /dev/null
+++ b/GFramework.Game.Tests/Data/PersistenceTests.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+using System.IO;
+using GFramework.Game.Abstractions.Data;
+using GFramework.Game.Data;
+using GFramework.Game.Serializer;
+using GFramework.Game.Storage;
+
+namespace GFramework.Game.Tests.Data;
+
+[TestFixture]
+public class PersistenceTests
+{
+    private static string CreateTempRoot()
+    {
+        var path = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), "gframework-persistence", Guid.NewGuid().ToString("N"));
+        Directory.CreateDirectory(path);
+        return path;
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public async Task FileStorage_PersistsDataAndRejectsIllegalKeys()
+    {
+        var root = CreateTempRoot();
+        using var storage = new FileStorage(root, new JsonSerializer(), ".json");
+
+        var saved = new TestSimpleData { Value = 5 };
+        await storage.WriteAsync("folder/item", saved);
+
+        var loaded = await storage.ReadAsync<TestSimpleData>("folder/item");
+        Assert.That(loaded.Value, Is.EqualTo(saved.Value));
+
+        Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentException>(async () => await storage.WriteAsync("../escape", new TestSimpleData()));
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public async Task SaveRepository_ManagesSlots()
+    {
+        var root = CreateTempRoot();
+        using var storage = new FileStorage(root, new JsonSerializer());
+        var config = new SaveConfiguration
+        {
+            SaveRoot = "saves",
+            SaveSlotPrefix = "slot_",
+            SaveFileName = "save.json"
+        };
+
+        var repository = new SaveRepository<TestSaveData>(storage, config);
+        var data = new TestSaveData { Name = "hero" };
+
+        await repository.SaveAsync(1, data);
+        Assert.That(await repository.ExistsAsync(1));
+
+        var loaded = await repository.LoadAsync(1);
+        Assert.That(loaded.Name, Is.EqualTo(data.Name));
+
+        var slots = await repository.ListSlotsAsync();
+        Assert.That(slots, Is.EqualTo(new[] { 1 }));
+
+        await repository.DeleteAsync(1);
+        Assert.That(await repository.ExistsAsync(1), Is.False);
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public async Task UnifiedSettingsDataRepository_RoundTripsDataAndLoadAll()
+    {
+        var root = CreateTempRoot();
+        using var storage = new FileStorage(root, new JsonSerializer());
+        var serializer = new JsonSerializer();
+        var repo = new UnifiedSettingsDataRepository(
+            storage,
+            serializer,
+            new DataRepositoryOptions { EnableEvents = false },
+            "settings.json");
+
+        var location = new TestDataLocation("settings/choice");
+        repo.RegisterDataType(location, typeof(TestSimpleData));
+
+        var data = new TestSimpleData { Value = 42 };
+        await repo.SaveAsync(location, data);
+
+        using var storage2 = new FileStorage(root, new JsonSerializer());
+        var repo2 = new UnifiedSettingsDataRepository(
+            storage2,
+            serializer,
+            new DataRepositoryOptions { EnableEvents = false },
+            "settings.json");
+        repo2.RegisterDataType(location, typeof(TestSimpleData));
+
+        var loaded = await repo2.LoadAsync<TestSimpleData>(location);
+        Assert.That(loaded.Value, Is.EqualTo(data.Value));
+
+        var all = await repo2.LoadAllAsync();
+        Assert.That(all.Keys, Contains.Item(location.Key));
+        Assert.That(all[location.Key], Is.TypeOf<TestSimpleData>());
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/GFramework.Game.Tests/Serializer/JsonSerializerTests.cs b/GFramework.Game.Tests/Serializer/JsonSerializerTests.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b6eb1a49
--- /dev/null
+++ b/GFramework.Game.Tests/Serializer/JsonSerializerTests.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+using Newtonsoft.Json;
+using GameJsonSerializer = GFramework.Game.Serializer.JsonSerializer;
+
+namespace GFramework.Game.Tests.Serializer;
+
+[TestFixture]
+public sealed class JsonSerializerTests
+{
+    [Test]
+    public void Serialize_And_Deserialize_Should_RoundTrip_Object()
+    {
+        var serializer = new GameJsonSerializer();
+        var original = new PlayerStateStub
+        {
+            Name = "Player1",
+            Level = 7
+        };
+
+        var json = serializer.Serialize(original);
+        var restored = serializer.Deserialize<PlayerStateStub>(json);
+
+        Assert.Multiple(() =>
+        {
+            Assert.That(restored.Name, Is.EqualTo("Player1"));
+            Assert.That(restored.Level, Is.EqualTo(7));
+        });
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public void Serialize_Should_Honor_Injected_Settings()
+    {
+        var serializer = new GameJsonSerializer(new JsonSerializerSettings
+        {
+            Formatting = Formatting.Indented,
+            NullValueHandling = NullValueHandling.Ignore
+        });
+
+        var json = serializer.Serialize(new OptionalStateStub
+        {
+            Name = "Configured",
+            Description = null
+        });
+
+        Assert.Multiple(() =>
+        {
+            Assert.That(json, Does.Contain(Environment.NewLine));
+            Assert.That(json, Does.Contain("\"Name\": \"Configured\""));
+            Assert.That(json, Does.Not.Contain("Description"));
+        });
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public void Converters_Should_Be_Used_For_Serialization_And_Deserialization()
+    {
+        var serializer = new GameJsonSerializer();
+        serializer.Converters.Add(new CoordinateStubConverter());
+
+        var json = serializer.Serialize(new CoordinateStub { X = 3, Y = 9 });
+        var restored = serializer.Deserialize<CoordinateStub>(json);
+
+        Assert.Multiple(() =>
+        {
+            Assert.That(json, Is.EqualTo("\"3:9\""));
+            Assert.That(restored.X, Is.EqualTo(3));
+            Assert.That(restored.Y, Is.EqualTo(9));
+        });
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public void Deserialize_Should_Throw_With_Target_Type_Context_When_Json_Is_Invalid()
+    {
+        var serializer = new GameJsonSerializer();
+
+        var exception =
+            Assert.Throws<InvalidOperationException>(() => serializer.Deserialize<PlayerStateStub>("{invalid json}"));
+
+        Assert.Multiple(() =>
+        {
+            Assert.That(exception, Is.Not.Null);
+            Assert.That(exception!.Message, Does.Contain(typeof(PlayerStateStub).FullName));
+            Assert.That(exception.InnerException, Is.Not.Null);
+        });
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public void Deserialize_With_Runtime_Type_Should_Throw_With_Target_Type_Context_When_Json_Is_Invalid()
+    {
+        var serializer = new GameJsonSerializer();
+
+        var exception =
+            Assert.Throws<InvalidOperationException>(() =>
+                serializer.Deserialize("{invalid json}", typeof(PlayerStateStub)));
+
+        Assert.Multiple(() =>
+        {
+            Assert.That(exception, Is.Not.Null);
+            Assert.That(exception!.Message, Does.Contain(typeof(PlayerStateStub).FullName));
+            Assert.That(exception.InnerException, Is.Not.Null);
+        });
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public void Deserialize_With_Runtime_Type_Should_Return_Target_Runtime_Type()
+    {
+        var serializer = new GameJsonSerializer();
+
+        var restored = serializer.Deserialize("{\"Name\":\"Runtime\",\"Level\":11}", typeof(PlayerStateStub));
+
+        Assert.That(restored, Is.TypeOf<PlayerStateStub>());
+        Assert.That(((PlayerStateStub)restored).Level, Is.EqualTo(11));
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public void Serialize_With_Runtime_Type_Should_Allow_Null_Object()
+    {
+        var serializer = new GameJsonSerializer();
+
+        var json = serializer.Serialize(null!, typeof(PlayerStateStub));
+
+        Assert.That(json, Is.EqualTo("null"));
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public void Deserialize_Should_Preserve_ArgumentException_For_Invalid_Input_Arguments()
+    {
+        var serializer = new GameJsonSerializer();
+
+        var exception = Assert.Throws<ArgumentException>(() => serializer.Deserialize<PlayerStateStub>(string.Empty));
+
+        Assert.That(exception, Is.Not.Null);
+    }
+
+    private sealed class PlayerStateStub
+    {
+        public string Name { get; set; } = string.Empty;
+
+        public int Level { get; set; }
+    }
+
+    private sealed class OptionalStateStub
+    {
+        public string Name { get; set; } = string.Empty;
+
+        public string? Description { get; set; }
+    }
+
+    private sealed class CoordinateStub
+    {
+        public int X { get; set; }
+
+        public int Y { get; set; }
+    }
+
+    private sealed class CoordinateStubConverter : JsonConverter<CoordinateStub>
+    {
+        public override void WriteJson(JsonWriter writer, CoordinateStub? value, JsonSerializer serializer)
+        {
+            writer.WriteValue($"{value?.X}:{value?.Y}");
+        }
+
+        public override CoordinateStub ReadJson(
+            JsonReader reader,
+            Type objectType,
+            CoordinateStub? existingValue,
+            bool hasExistingValue,
+            JsonSerializer serializer)
+        {
+            var raw = (string?)reader.Value ?? throw new JsonSerializationException("Coordinate value cannot be null.");
+            var parts = raw.Split(':');
+            return new CoordinateStub
+            {
+                X = int.Parse(parts[0]),
+                Y = int.Parse(parts[1])
+            };
+        }
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/GFramework.Game.Tests/Setting/SettingsModelTests.cs b/GFramework.Game.Tests/Setting/SettingsModelTests.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..984c517c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/GFramework.Game.Tests/Setting/SettingsModelTests.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+using GFramework.Core.Abstractions.Architectures;
+using GFramework.Core.Abstractions.Lifecycle;
+using GFramework.Core.Abstractions.Rule;
+using GFramework.Game.Abstractions.Data;
+using GFramework.Game.Abstractions.Enums;
+using GFramework.Game.Abstractions.Setting;
+using GFramework.Game.Setting;
+
+namespace GFramework.Game.Tests.Setting;
+
+[TestFixture]
+public sealed class SettingsModelTests
+{
+    [Test]
+    public void GetData_After_Initialize_Should_Register_New_Type_In_Repository()
+    {
+        var locationProvider = new TestDataLocationProvider();
+        var repository = new FakeSettingsDataRepository();
+        var model = new SettingsModel<FakeSettingsDataRepository>(locationProvider, repository);
+        ((IContextAware)model).SetContext(new Mock<IArchitectureContext>(MockBehavior.Loose).Object);
+
+        ((IInitializable)model).Initialize();
+
+        _ = model.GetData<TestSettingsData>();
+
+        Assert.That(repository.RegisteredTypes, Contains.Key("TestSettingsData"));
+        Assert.That(repository.RegisteredTypes["TestSettingsData"], Is.EqualTo(typeof(TestSettingsData)));
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public async Task RegisterMigration_After_Cache_Warmup_Should_Invalidate_Type_Cache()
+    {
+        var locationProvider = new TestDataLocationProvider();
+        var repository = new FakeSettingsDataRepository();
+        var model = new SettingsModel<FakeSettingsDataRepository>(locationProvider, repository);
+        ((IContextAware)model).SetContext(new Mock<IArchitectureContext>(MockBehavior.Loose).Object);
+
+        _ = model.GetData<TestSettingsData>();
+        ((IInitializable)model).Initialize();
+
+        repository.Stored["TestSettingsData"] = new TestSettingsData
+        {
+            Version = 1,
+            Value = "legacy"
+        };
+
+        await model.InitializeAsync();
+        Assert.That(model.GetData<TestSettingsData>().Version, Is.EqualTo(1));
+
+        model.RegisterMigration(new TestSettingsMigration());
+
+        repository.Stored["TestSettingsData"] = new TestSettingsData
+        {
+            Version = 1,
+            Value = "legacy"
+        };
+
+        await model.InitializeAsync();
+
+        var current = model.GetData<TestSettingsData>();
+        Assert.Multiple(() =>
+        {
+            Assert.That(current.Version, Is.EqualTo(2));
+            Assert.That(current.Value, Is.EqualTo("legacy-migrated"));
+        });
+    }
+
+    private sealed class TestSettingsData : ISettingsData
+    {
+        public string Value { get; set; } = "default";
+
+        public int Version { get; set; } = 1;
+
+        public DateTime LastModified { get; } = DateTime.UtcNow;
+
+        public void Reset()
+        {
+            Value = "default";
+            Version = 1;
+        }
+
+        public void LoadFrom(ISettingsData source)
+        {
+            if (source is not TestSettingsData data)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            Value = data.Value;
+            Version = data.Version;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private sealed class TestSettingsMigration : ISettingsMigration
+    {
+        public Type SettingsType => typeof(TestSettingsData);
+
+        public int FromVersion => 1;
+
+        public int ToVersion => 2;
+
+        public ISettingsSection Migrate(ISettingsSection oldData)
+        {
+            var data = (TestSettingsData)oldData;
+            return new TestSettingsData
+            {
+                Version = 2,
+                Value = $"{data.Value}-migrated"
+            };
+        }
+    }
+
+    private sealed class FakeSettingsDataRepository : ISettingsDataRepository
+    {
+        public Dictionary<string, Type> RegisteredTypes { get; } = new(StringComparer.Ordinal);
+
+        public Dictionary<string, IData> Stored { get; } = new(StringComparer.Ordinal);
+
+        public Task<T> LoadAsync<T>(IDataLocation location) where T : class, IData, new()
+        {
+            return Task.FromResult(Stored.TryGetValue(location.Key, out var data) ? (T)data : new T());
+        }
+
+        public Task SaveAsync<T>(IDataLocation location, T data) where T : class, IData
+        {
+            Stored[location.Key] = data;
+            return Task.CompletedTask;
+        }
+
+        public Task<bool> ExistsAsync(IDataLocation location)
+        {
+            return Task.FromResult(Stored.ContainsKey(location.Key));
+        }
+
+        public Task DeleteAsync(IDataLocation location)
+        {
+            Stored.Remove(location.Key);
+            return Task.CompletedTask;
+        }
+
+        public Task SaveAllAsync(IEnumerable<(IDataLocation location, IData data)> dataList)
+        {
+            foreach (var (location, data) in dataList)
+            {
+                Stored[location.Key] = data;
+            }
+
+            return Task.CompletedTask;
+        }
+
+        public Task<IDictionary<string, IData>> LoadAllAsync()
+        {
+            IDictionary<string, IData> snapshot = new Dictionary<string, IData>(Stored, StringComparer.Ordinal);
+            return Task.FromResult(snapshot);
+        }
+
+        public void RegisterDataType(IDataLocation location, Type type)
+        {
+            RegisteredTypes[location.Key] = type;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private sealed class TestDataLocationProvider : IDataLocationProvider
+    {
+        public IDataLocation GetLocation(Type type)
+        {
+            return new TestDataLocation(type.Name);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private sealed class TestDataLocation(string key) : IDataLocation
+    {
+        public string Key { get; } = key;
+
+        public StorageKinds Kinds => StorageKinds.Memory;
+
+        public string? Namespace => "tests";
+
+        public IReadOnlyDictionary<string, string>? Metadata => null;
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/GFramework.Game/Data/UnifiedSettingsDataRepository.cs b/GFramework.Game/Data/UnifiedSettingsDataRepository.cs
index 56db1cbe..8fd693a7 100644
--- a/GFramework.Game/Data/UnifiedSettingsDataRepository.cs
+++ b/GFramework.Game/Data/UnifiedSettingsDataRepository.cs
@@ -80,11 +80,10 @@ public class UnifiedSettingsDataRepository(
     public async Task SaveAsync<T>(IDataLocation location, T data)
         where T : class, IData
     {
+        await EnsureLoadedAsync();
         await _lock.WaitAsync();
         try
         {
-            await EnsureLoadedAsync();
-
             var key = location.Key;
             var serialized = Serializer.Serialize(data);
 
@@ -211,7 +210,9 @@ public class UnifiedSettingsDataRepository(
 
             var key = UnifiedKey;
 
-            _file = await Storage.ExistsAsync(key) ? await Storage.ReadAsync<UnifiedSettingsFile>(key) : new UnifiedSettingsFile { Version = 1 };
+            _file = await Storage.ExistsAsync(key)
+                ? await Storage.ReadAsync<UnifiedSettingsFile>(key)
+                : new UnifiedSettingsFile { Version = 1 };
 
             _loaded = true;
         }
diff --git a/GFramework.Game/Serializer/JsonSerializer.cs b/GFramework.Game/Serializer/JsonSerializer.cs
index df761850..3e498840 100644
--- a/GFramework.Game/Serializer/JsonSerializer.cs
+++ b/GFramework.Game/Serializer/JsonSerializer.cs
@@ -9,6 +9,27 @@ namespace GFramework.Game.Serializer;
 public sealed class JsonSerializer
     : IRuntimeTypeSerializer
 {
+    private readonly JsonSerializerSettings _settings;
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     初始化 JSON 序列化器。
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="settings">可选的 Newtonsoft.Json 配置；不提供时使用默认配置。</param>
+    public JsonSerializer(JsonSerializerSettings? settings = null)
+    {
+        _settings = settings ?? new JsonSerializerSettings();
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     获取当前序列化器使用的 Newtonsoft.Json 配置实例。
+    /// </summary>
+    public JsonSerializerSettings Settings => _settings;
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     获取当前序列化器使用的自定义转换器集合。
+    /// </summary>
+    public IList<JsonConverter> Converters => _settings.Converters;
+
     /// <summary>
     ///     将指定类型的对象序列化为JSON字符串
     /// </summary>
@@ -17,21 +38,9 @@ public sealed class JsonSerializer
     /// <returns>序列化后的JSON字符串</returns>
     public string Serialize<T>(T value)
     {
-        return JsonConvert.SerializeObject(value);
+        return JsonConvert.SerializeObject(value, _settings);
     }
 
-    /// <summary>
-    ///     将JSON字符串反序列化为指定类型的对象
-    /// </summary>
-    /// <typeparam name="T">要反序列化的目标类型</typeparam>
-    /// <param name="data">要反序列化的JSON字符串数据</param>
-    /// <returns>反序列化后的对象实例</returns>
-    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException">当无法反序列化数据时抛出</exception>
-    public T Deserialize<T>(string data)
-    {
-        return JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<T>(data)
-               ?? throw new ArgumentException("Cannot deserialize data");
-    }
 
     /// <summary>
     ///     将对象序列化为JSON字符串（使用运行时类型）
@@ -41,7 +50,24 @@ public sealed class JsonSerializer
     /// <returns>序列化后的JSON字符串</returns>
     public string Serialize(object obj, Type type)
     {
-        return JsonConvert.SerializeObject(obj, type, null);
+        ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(type);
+
+        return JsonConvert.SerializeObject(obj, type, _settings);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     将JSON字符串反序列化为指定类型的对象
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <typeparam name="T">要反序列化的目标类型</typeparam>
+    /// <param name="data">要反序列化的JSON字符串数据</param>
+    /// <returns>反序列化后的对象实例</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="InvalidOperationException">当无法反序列化数据时抛出</exception>
+    public T Deserialize<T>(string data)
+    {
+        return (T)DeserializeCore(
+            data,
+            typeof(T),
+            static (json, _, settings) => JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<T>(json, settings));
     }
 
     /// <summary>
@@ -50,10 +76,43 @@ public sealed class JsonSerializer
     /// <param name="data">要反序列化的JSON字符串数据</param>
     /// <param name="type">反序列化目标类型</param>
     /// <returns>反序列化后的对象实例</returns>
-    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException">当无法反序列化到指定类型时抛出</exception>
+    /// <exception cref="InvalidOperationException">当无法反序列化到指定类型时抛出</exception>
     public object Deserialize(string data, Type type)
     {
-        return JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(data, type)
-               ?? throw new ArgumentException($"Cannot deserialize to {type.Name}");
+        return DeserializeCore(
+            data,
+            type,
+            static (json, targetType, settings) => JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(json, targetType, settings));
+    }
+
+    private object DeserializeCore(
+        string data,
+        Type targetType,
+        Func<string, Type, JsonSerializerSettings, object?> deserialize)
+    {
+        ArgumentException.ThrowIfNullOrWhiteSpace(data);
+        ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(targetType);
+        ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(deserialize);
+
+        object? result;
+
+        try
+        {
+            result = deserialize(data, targetType, _settings);
+        }
+        catch (Exception ex) when (ex is not ArgumentException)
+        {
+            throw new InvalidOperationException(
+                $"Failed to deserialize JSON to target type '{targetType.FullName}'.",
+                ex);
+        }
+
+        if (result == null)
+        {
+            throw new InvalidOperationException(
+                $"Deserialization returned null for target type '{targetType.FullName}'.");
+        }
+
+        return result;
     }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/GFramework.Game/Setting/SettingsModel.cs b/GFramework.Game/Setting/SettingsModel.cs
index d480589c..1c8f8915 100644
--- a/GFramework.Game/Setting/SettingsModel.cs
+++ b/GFramework.Game/Setting/SettingsModel.cs
@@ -59,7 +59,9 @@ public class SettingsModel<TRepository>(IDataLocationProvider? locationProvider,
     public T GetData<T>() where T : class, ISettingsData, new()
     {
         // 使用_data字典获取或添加指定类型的实例，确保唯一性
-        return (T)_data.GetOrAdd(typeof(T), _ => new T());
+        var data = (T)_data.GetOrAdd(typeof(T), _ => new T());
+        TryRegisterDataType(typeof(T));
+        return data;
     }
 
     /// <summary>
@@ -84,6 +86,7 @@ public class SettingsModel<TRepository>(IDataLocationProvider? locationProvider,
     {
         _applicators[typeof(T)] = applicator;
         _data[applicator.DataType] = applicator.Data;
+        TryRegisterDataType(applicator.DataType);
         return this;
     }
 
@@ -114,6 +117,7 @@ public class SettingsModel<TRepository>(IDataLocationProvider? locationProvider,
     public ISettingsModel RegisterMigration(ISettingsMigration migration)
     {
         _migrations[(migration.SettingsType, migration.FromVersion)] = migration;
+        _migrationCache.TryRemove(migration.SettingsType, out _);
         return this;
     }
 
@@ -258,11 +262,21 @@ public class SettingsModel<TRepository>(IDataLocationProvider? locationProvider,
         // 遍历所有已知的数据类型，为其分配位置并注册到数据仓库中
         foreach (var type in _data.Keys)
         {
-            var location = _locationProvider.GetLocation(type);
-            DataRepository.RegisterDataType(location, type);
+            TryRegisterDataType(type);
         }
     }
 
+    private void TryRegisterDataType(Type type)
+    {
+        if (_repository == null || _locationProvider == null)
+        {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        var location = _locationProvider.GetLocation(type);
+        _repository.RegisterDataType(location, type);
+    }
+
     private ISettingsData MigrateIfNeeded(ISettingsData data)
     {
         if (data is not IVersionedData versioned)
diff --git a/docs/zh-CN/game/data.md b/docs/zh-CN/game/data.md
index 53a48738..c6c92dad 100644
--- a/docs/zh-CN/game/data.md
+++ b/docs/zh-CN/game/data.md
@@ -1,21 +1,21 @@
 ---
 title: 数据与存档系统
-description: 数据与存档系统提供了完整的数据持久化解决方案，支持多槽位存档、版本管理和数据迁移。
+description: 数据与存档系统提供统一的数据持久化基础能力，支持多槽位存档、版本化数据和仓库抽象。
 ---
 
 # 数据与存档系统
 
 ## 概述
 
-数据与存档系统是 GFramework.Game 中用于管理游戏数据持久化的核心组件。它提供了统一的数据加载和保存接口，支持多槽位存档管理、数据版本控制和自动迁移，让你可以轻松实现游戏存档、设置保存等功能。
-
-通过数据系统，你可以将游戏数据保存到本地存储，支持多个存档槽位，并在数据结构变化时自动进行版本迁移。
+数据与存档系统是 GFramework.Game 中用于管理游戏数据持久化的核心组件。它提供了统一的数据加载和保存接口，支持多槽位存档管理、版本化数据模式，以及与存储系统、序列化系统的组合使用。
+
+通过数据系统，你可以将游戏数据保存到本地存储，支持多个存档槽位，并在需要时于应用层实现版本迁移。
 
 **主要特性**：
 
 - 统一的数据持久化接口
 - 多槽位存档管理
-- 数据版本控制和迁移
+- 数据版本控制模式
 - 异步加载和保存
 - 批量数据操作
 - 与存储系统集成
@@ -69,10 +69,11 @@ public interface ISaveRepository<TSaveData> : IUtility
 `IVersionedData` 支持数据版本管理：
 
 ```csharp
-public interface IVersionedData : IData
-{
-    int Version { get; set; }
-}
+public interface IVersionedData : IData
+{
+    int Version { get; }
+    DateTime LastModified { get; }
+}
 ```
 
 ## 基本用法
@@ -262,9 +263,13 @@ public partial class AutoSaveController : IController
 }
 ```
 
-### 数据版本迁移
-
-```csharp
+### 数据版本迁移
+
+`SaveRepository<TSaveData>` 当前负责槽位存档的读取、写入、删除和列举，并没有内建“注册迁移器后自动升级存档”的统一迁移管线。
+
+下面示例展示的是应用层迁移策略：加载后检查版本，调用你自己的迁移逻辑，再决定是否回写新版本数据。
+
+```csharp
 // 版本 1 的数据
 public class SaveDataV1 : IVersionedData
 {
@@ -299,18 +304,18 @@ public class SaveDataMigrator
     }
 }
 
-// 加载时自动迁移
-public async Task<SaveDataV2> LoadWithMigration(int slot)
-{
-    var saveRepo = this.GetUtility<ISaveRepository<SaveDataV2>>();
+// 加载后由应用层决定是否迁移
+public async Task<SaveDataV2> LoadWithMigration(int slot)
+{
+    var saveRepo = this.GetUtility<ISaveRepository<SaveDataV2>>();
     var data = await saveRepo.LoadAsync(slot);
 
     if (data.Version < 2)
     {
-        // 需要迁移
-        var oldData = data as SaveDataV1;
-        var migrator = new SaveDataMigrator();
-        var newData = migrator.Migrate(oldData);
+        // 需要迁移：此处调用应用层迁移器
+        var oldData = data as SaveDataV1;
+        var migrator = new SaveDataMigrator();
+        var newData = migrator.Migrate(oldData);
 
         // 保存迁移后的数据
         await saveRepo.SaveAsync(slot, newData);
@@ -506,10 +511,10 @@ await saveRepo.SaveAsync(2, saveData);  // 槽位 2
 await saveRepo.SaveAsync(3, saveData);  // 槽位 3
 ```
 
-### 问题：如何处理数据版本升级？
-
-**解答**：
-实现 `IVersionedData` 并在加载时检查版本：
+### 问题：如何处理数据版本升级？
+
+**解答**：
+实现 `IVersionedData` 并在加载后检查版本。当前框架不会自动为 `ISaveRepository<T>` 执行迁移，需要由业务层决定迁移规则与回写时机：
 
 ```csharp
 var data = await saveRepo.LoadAsync(slot);
diff --git a/docs/zh-CN/game/index.md b/docs/zh-CN/game/index.md
index 2919e278..7beee74b 100644
--- a/docs/zh-CN/game/index.md
+++ b/docs/zh-CN/game/index.md
@@ -675,6 +675,7 @@ public class CachedStorage : IStorage
 
 ```csharp
 using GFramework.Game.Serializer;
+using Newtonsoft.Json;
 
 public class GameDataSerializer
 {
diff --git a/docs/zh-CN/game/setting.md b/docs/zh-CN/game/setting.md
index 7b452aa2..bbf16f2d 100644
--- a/docs/zh-CN/game/setting.md
+++ b/docs/zh-CN/game/setting.md
@@ -1,192 +1,199 @@
-# 设置系统 (Settings System)
+# 设置系统
 
-## 概述
+设置系统负责管理 `ISettingsData`、持久化加载/保存，以及把设置真正应用到运行时环境。
 
-设置系统是 GFramework.Game 的核心组件之一，负责管理游戏中各种设置配置。该系统采用了模型-系统分离的设计模式，支持设置部分（Section）的管理和设置应用器模式。
+当前实现以 `SettingsModel<TRepository>` 和 `SettingsSystem` 为核心，已经不是旧文档中的
+`Get<T>() / Register(IApplyAbleSettings)` 接口模型。
 
-## 核心类
+## 核心概念
 
-### SettingsModel
+### ISettingsData
 
-设置模型类，继承自 `AbstractModel` 并实现 `ISettingsModel` 接口。
-
-**主要功能：**
-
-- 管理不同类型的设置部分（Settings Section）
-- 提供类型安全的设置访问
-- 支持可应用设置对象的注册
-
-**关键方法：**
-
-- `Get<T>()` - 获取或创建指定类型的设置部分
-- `TryGet(Type, out ISettingsSection)` - 尝试获取设置部分
-- `Register(IApplyAbleSettings)` - 注册可应用的设置对象
-- `All()` - 获取所有设置部分
-
-### SettingsSystem
-
-设置系统类，继承自 `AbstractSystem` 并实现 `ISettingsSystem` 接口。
-
-**主要功能：**
-
-- 应用设置配置到相应系统
-- 支持单个或批量设置应用
-- 自动识别可应用设置类型
-
-**关键方法：**
-
-- `ApplyAll()` - 应用所有设置配置
-- `Apply<T>()` - 应用指定类型的设置
-- `Apply(IEnumerable<Type>)` - 应用指定类型集合的设置
-
-## 架构设计
-
-```mermaid
-graph TD
-    A[ISettingsModel] --> B[SettingsModel]
-    C[ISettingsSystem] --> D[SettingsSystem]
-    
-    B --> E[Dictionary<Type, ISettingsSection>]
-    D --> B
-    
-    F[ISettingsSection] --> G[IApplyAbleSettings]
-    H[AudioSettings] --> G
-    I[GraphicsSettings] --> G
-    
-    E --> H
-    E --> I
-    
-    J[Application] --> D
-    D --> G
-```
-
-## 使用示例
-
-### 基本使用
+设置数据对象负责保存设置值、提供默认值，并在加载后把外部数据回填到当前实例。
 
 ```csharp
-// 获取设置模型
-var settingsModel = this.GetModel<ISettingsModel>();
-
-// 获取或创建音频设置
-var audioSettings = settingsModel.Get<GodotAudioSettings>();
-audioSettings.MasterVolume = 0.8f;
-audioSettings.BgmVolume = 0.6f;
-audioSettings.SfxVolume = 0.9f;
-
-// 注册设置到模型
-settingsModel.Register(audioSettings);
+public interface ISettingsData : IResettable, IVersionedData, ILoadableFrom<ISettingsData>;
 ```
 
-### 应用设置
+这意味着一个设置数据类型通常需要实现：
+
+- `Reset()`：恢复默认值
+- `Version` / `LastModified`：暴露版本化信息
+- `LoadFrom(ISettingsData)`：把已加载或迁移后的数据复制到当前实例
+
+### IResetApplyAbleSettings
+
+应用器负责把设置数据作用到引擎或运行时环境：
 
 ```csharp
-// 获取设置系统
-var settingsSystem = this.GetSystem<ISettingsSystem>();
-
-// 应用所有设置
-await settingsSystem.ApplyAll();
-
-// 应用特定类型设置
-await settingsSystem.Apply<GodotAudioSettings>();
-
-// 应用多个类型设置
-var types = new[] { typeof(GodotAudioSettings), typeof(GodotGraphicsSettings) };
-await settingsSystem.Apply(types);
-```
-
-### 创建自定义设置
-
-```csharp
-public class GameSettings : ISettingsSection
+public interface IResetApplyAbleSettings : IResettable, IApplyAbleSettings
 {
-    public float GameSpeed { get; set; } = 1.0f;
-    public int Difficulty { get; set; } = 1;
-    public bool AutoSave { get; set; } = true;
+    ISettingsData Data { get; }
+    Type DataType { get; }
 }
-
-// 使用自定义设置
-var gameSettings = settingsModel.Get<GameSettings>();
-gameSettings.GameSpeed = 1.5f;
 ```
 
-### 创建可应用设置
+常见用途包括：
+
+- 把音量设置同步到音频总线
+- 把图形设置同步到窗口系统
+- 把语言设置同步到本地化管理器
+
+## ISettingsModel
+
+当前 `ISettingsModel` 的主要 API 如下：
 
 ```csharp
-public class GameSettings : ISettingsSection, IApplyAbleSettings
+public interface ISettingsModel : IModel
+{
+    bool IsInitialized { get; }
+
+    T GetData<T>() where T : class, ISettingsData, new();
+    IEnumerable<ISettingsData> AllData();
+
+    ISettingsModel RegisterApplicator<T>(T applicator)
+        where T : class, IResetApplyAbleSettings;
+    T? GetApplicator<T>() where T : class, IResetApplyAbleSettings;
+    IEnumerable<IResetApplyAbleSettings> AllApplicators();
+
+    ISettingsModel RegisterMigration(ISettingsMigration migration);
+
+    Task InitializeAsync();
+    Task SaveAllAsync();
+    Task ApplyAllAsync();
+    void Reset<T>() where T : class, ISettingsData, new();
+    void ResetAll();
+}
+```
+
+行为说明：
+
+- `GetData<T>()` 返回某个设置数据的唯一实例
+- `RegisterApplicator<T>()` 注册应用器，并把其 `Data` 纳入模型管理
+- `InitializeAsync()` 从 `ISettingsDataRepository` 读取所有已注册设置，并在需要时执行迁移
+- `SaveAllAsync()` 持久化当前所有设置数据
+- `ApplyAllAsync()` 依次调用所有 applicator 的 `Apply()`
+
+## SettingsSystem
+
+`SettingsSystem` 是对模型的系统级封装，面向业务代码提供更直接的入口：
+
+```csharp
+public interface ISettingsSystem : ISystem
+{
+    Task ApplyAll();
+    Task Apply<T>() where T : class, IResetApplyAbleSettings;
+    Task SaveAll();
+    Task Reset<T>() where T : class, ISettingsData, IResetApplyAbleSettings, new();
+    Task ResetAll();
+}
+```
+
+它不会自己保存数据，而是把保存、重置和应用逻辑委托给 `ISettingsModel`。
+
+## 基本用法
+
+### 定义设置数据
+
+```csharp
+public sealed class GameplaySettings : ISettingsData
 {
     public float GameSpeed { get; set; } = 1.0f;
-    public int Difficulty { get; set; } = 1;
-    
+
+    public int Version { get; private set; } = 1;
+    public DateTime LastModified { get; } = DateTime.UtcNow;
+
+    public void Reset()
+    {
+        GameSpeed = 1.0f;
+    }
+
+    public void LoadFrom(ISettingsData source)
+    {
+        if (source is not GameplaySettings settings)
+        {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        GameSpeed = settings.GameSpeed;
+        Version = settings.Version;
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### 定义 applicator
+
+```csharp
+public sealed class GameplaySettingsApplicator : IResetApplyAbleSettings
+{
+    public GameplaySettingsApplicator(GameplaySettings data)
+    {
+        Data = data;
+    }
+
+    public ISettingsData Data { get; }
+    public Type DataType => typeof(GameplaySettings);
+
+    public void Reset()
+    {
+        Data.Reset();
+    }
+
     public Task Apply()
     {
-        // 应用游戏速度
-        Time.timeScale = GameSpeed;
-        
-        // 应用难度设置
-        GameDifficulty.Current = Difficulty;
-        
+        var settings = (GameplaySettings)Data;
+        TimeScale.Current = settings.GameSpeed;
         return Task.CompletedTask;
     }
 }
 ```
 
-## 接口定义
-
-### ISettingsSection
+### 使用模型和系统
 
 ```csharp
-public interface ISettingsSection
+var settingsModel = this.GetModel<ISettingsModel>();
+
+var gameplayData = settingsModel.GetData<GameplaySettings>();
+gameplayData.GameSpeed = 1.25f;
+
+settingsModel.RegisterApplicator(new GameplaySettingsApplicator(gameplayData));
+
+await settingsModel.InitializeAsync();
+await settingsModel.SaveAllAsync();
+
+var settingsSystem = this.GetSystem<ISettingsSystem>();
+await settingsSystem.ApplyAll();
+```
+
+## 迁移
+
+设置系统内建了迁移注册入口：
+
+```csharp
+public interface ISettingsMigration
 {
-    // 设置部分的标识接口
+    Type SettingsType { get; }
+    int FromVersion { get; }
+    int ToVersion { get; }
+    ISettingsData Migrate(ISettingsData oldData);
 }
 ```
 
-### IApplyAbleSettings
+当 `InitializeAsync()` 读取到旧版本设置时，会按已注册迁移链逐步升级，再通过 `LoadFrom` 回填到当前实例。
 
-```csharp
-public interface IApplyAbleSettings : ISettingsSection
-{
-    Task Apply();
-}
-```
+## 依赖项
 
-### ISettingsModel
+要让设置系统完整工作，通常需要准备：
 
-```csharp
-public interface ISettingsModel
-{
-    T Get<T>() where T : class, ISettingsSection, new();
-    bool TryGet(Type type, out ISettingsSection section);
-    IEnumerable<ISettingsSection> All();
-    void Register(IApplyAbleSettings applyAble);
-}
-```
+- `ISettingsDataRepository`
+- `IDataLocationProvider`
+- 一个具体的存储实现和序列化器
 
-### ISettingsSystem
+如果使用 `UnifiedSettingsDataRepository`，多个设置节会被合并到单个设置文件中统一保存。
 
-```csharp
-public interface ISettingsSystem
-{
-    Task ApplyAll();
-    Task Apply<T>() where T : class, ISettingsSection;
-    Task Apply(Type settingsType);
-    Task Apply(IEnumerable<Type> settingsTypes);
-}
-```
+## 当前边界
 
-## 设计模式
-
-该系统使用了以下设计模式：
-
-1. **Repository Pattern** - SettingsModel 作为设置数据的仓库
-2. **Command Pattern** - IApplyAbleSettings 的 Apply 方法作为命令
-3. **Factory Pattern** - Get`<T>`() 方法创建设置实例
-4. **Template Method** - AbstractSystem 提供初始化模板
-
-## 最佳实践
-
-1. **设置分类** - 将相关设置组织到同一个设置类中
-2. **延迟应用** - 批量修改后再应用，而不是每次修改都应用
-3. **类型安全** - 使用泛型方法确保类型安全
-4. **可测试性** - 通过接口实现便于单元测试
\ No newline at end of file
+- 设置迁移是内建能力
+- 设置持久化是内建能力
+- 设置如何应用到具体引擎由 applicator 决定
+- 存档系统的迁移能力不等同于设置系统；`ISaveRepository<T>` 当前仍需要业务层自己实现迁移策略