mirror of
https://github.com/GeWuYou/GFramework.git
synced 2026-03-23 03:04:29 +08:00
5aa11ddc41
- 新增 Architecture 基类与 IArchitecture 接口，实现单例模式与组件注册管理 - 集成 IOC 容器支持系统、模型、工具的依赖注入与生命周期管理 - 实现命令模式基础类 AbstractCommand 与接口 ICommand，支持带返回值命令 - 提供事件系统集成，支持事件的发布与订阅机制 - 添加控制器接口 IController，整合命令发送、事件注册与模型获取能力 - 创建详细的 README 文档说明各组件使用方式与设计模式应用 - 支持命令、查询、事件的统一调度与解耦通信机制
395 lines
9.5 KiB
Markdown
395 lines
9.5 KiB
Markdown
# Query 包使用说明
|
||
|
||
## 概述
|
||
|
||
Query 包实现了 CQRS（命令查询职责分离）模式中的查询部分。Query 用于封装数据查询逻辑，与 Command 不同的是，Query 有返回值且不应该修改系统状态。
|
||
|
||
## 核心接口
|
||
|
||
### [`ICanSendQuery`](ICanSendQuery.cs)
|
||
|
||
标记接口，表示该类型可以发送查询。
|
||
|
||
**继承关系：**
|
||
```csharp
|
||
public interface ICanSendQuery : IBelongToArchitecture
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### [`IQuery<TResult>`](IQuery.cs)
|
||
|
||
查询接口，定义了查询的基本契约。
|
||
|
||
**核心成员：**
|
||
```csharp
|
||
TResult Do(); // 执行查询并返回结果
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
**继承的能力：**
|
||
- `ICanSetArchitecture` - 可设置架构
|
||
- `ICanGetModel` - 可获取 Model
|
||
- `ICanGetSystem` - 可获取 System
|
||
- `ICanSendQuery` - 可发送其他 Query
|
||
|
||
## 核心类
|
||
|
||
### [`AbstractQuery<T>`](AbstractQuery.cs)
|
||
|
||
抽象查询基类，提供了查询的基础实现。
|
||
|
||
**使用方式：**
|
||
```csharp
|
||
public abstract class AbstractQuery<T> : IQuery<T>
|
||
{
|
||
public T Do() => OnDo();
|
||
protected abstract T OnDo(); // 子类实现查询逻辑
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## 基本使用
|
||
|
||
### 1. 定义查询
|
||
|
||
```csharp
|
||
// 查询玩家金币数量
|
||
public class GetPlayerGoldQuery : AbstractQuery<int>
|
||
{
|
||
protected override int OnDo()
|
||
{
|
||
return this.GetModel<PlayerModel>().Gold.Value;
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// 查询玩家是否死亡
|
||
public class IsPlayerDeadQuery : AbstractQuery<bool>
|
||
{
|
||
protected override bool OnDo()
|
||
{
|
||
return this.GetModel<PlayerModel>().Health.Value <= 0;
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// 查询背包中指定物品的数量
|
||
public class GetItemCountQuery : AbstractQuery<int>
|
||
{
|
||
public string ItemId { get; set; }
|
||
|
||
protected override int OnDo()
|
||
{
|
||
var inventory = this.GetModel<InventoryModel>();
|
||
return inventory.GetItemCount(ItemId);
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 2. 发送查询（在 Controller 中）
|
||
|
||
```csharp
|
||
public partial class ShopUI : Control, IController
|
||
{
|
||
[Export] private Button _buyButton;
|
||
[Export] private int _itemPrice = 100;
|
||
|
||
public IArchitecture GetArchitecture() => GameArchitecture.Interface;
|
||
|
||
public override void _Ready()
|
||
{
|
||
_buyButton.Pressed += OnBuyButtonPressed;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
private void OnBuyButtonPressed()
|
||
{
|
||
// 查询玩家金币
|
||
int playerGold = this.SendQuery(new GetPlayerGoldQuery());
|
||
|
||
if (playerGold >= _itemPrice)
|
||
{
|
||
// 发送购买命令
|
||
this.SendCommand(new BuyItemCommand { ItemId = "sword_01" });
|
||
}
|
||
else
|
||
{
|
||
GD.Print("金币不足！");
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 3. 在 System 中使用
|
||
|
||
```csharp
|
||
public class CombatSystem : AbstractSystem
|
||
{
|
||
protected override void OnInit()
|
||
{
|
||
// 注册事件监听
|
||
this.RegisterEvent<EnemyAttackEvent>(OnEnemyAttack);
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
private void OnEnemyAttack(EnemyAttackEvent e)
|
||
{
|
||
// 查询玩家是否已经死亡
|
||
bool isDead = this.SendQuery(new IsPlayerDeadQuery());
|
||
|
||
if (!isDead)
|
||
{
|
||
// 执行伤害逻辑
|
||
this.SendCommand(new TakeDamageCommand { Damage = e.Damage });
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## 高级用法
|
||
|
||
### 1. 带参数的复杂查询
|
||
|
||
```csharp
|
||
// 查询指定范围内的敌人列表
|
||
public class GetEnemiesInRangeQuery : AbstractQuery<List<Enemy>>
|
||
{
|
||
public Vector3 Center { get; set; }
|
||
public float Radius { get; set; }
|
||
|
||
protected override List<Enemy> OnDo()
|
||
{
|
||
var enemySystem = this.GetSystem<EnemySpawnSystem>();
|
||
return enemySystem.GetEnemiesInRange(Center, Radius);
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// 使用
|
||
var enemies = this.SendQuery(new GetEnemiesInRangeQuery
|
||
{
|
||
Center = playerPosition,
|
||
Radius = 10.0f
|
||
});
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 2. 组合查询
|
||
|
||
```csharp
|
||
// 查询玩家是否可以使用技能
|
||
public class CanUseSkillQuery : AbstractQuery<bool>
|
||
{
|
||
public string SkillId { get; set; }
|
||
|
||
protected override bool OnDo()
|
||
{
|
||
var playerModel = this.GetModel<PlayerModel>();
|
||
var skillModel = this.GetModel<SkillModel>();
|
||
|
||
// 查询技能消耗
|
||
var skillCost = this.SendQuery(new GetSkillCostQuery { SkillId = SkillId });
|
||
|
||
// 检查是否满足条件
|
||
return playerModel.Mana.Value >= skillCost.ManaCost
|
||
&& !this.SendQuery(new IsSkillOnCooldownQuery { SkillId = SkillId });
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
public class GetSkillCostQuery : AbstractQuery<SkillCost>
|
||
{
|
||
public string SkillId { get; set; }
|
||
|
||
protected override SkillCost OnDo()
|
||
{
|
||
return this.GetModel<SkillModel>().GetSkillCost(SkillId);
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
public class IsSkillOnCooldownQuery : AbstractQuery<bool>
|
||
{
|
||
public string SkillId { get; set; }
|
||
|
||
protected override bool OnDo()
|
||
{
|
||
return this.GetModel<SkillModel>().IsOnCooldown(SkillId);
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 3. 聚合数据查询
|
||
|
||
```csharp
|
||
// 查询玩家战斗力
|
||
public class GetPlayerPowerQuery : AbstractQuery<int>
|
||
{
|
||
protected override int OnDo()
|
||
{
|
||
var playerModel = this.GetModel<PlayerModel>();
|
||
var equipmentModel = this.GetModel<EquipmentModel>();
|
||
|
||
int basePower = playerModel.Level.Value * 10;
|
||
int equipmentPower = equipmentModel.GetTotalPower();
|
||
int buffPower = this.SendQuery(new GetBuffPowerQuery());
|
||
|
||
return basePower + equipmentPower + buffPower;
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// 查询玩家详细信息（用于UI显示）
|
||
public class GetPlayerInfoQuery : AbstractQuery<PlayerInfo>
|
||
{
|
||
protected override PlayerInfo OnDo()
|
||
{
|
||
var playerModel = this.GetModel<PlayerModel>();
|
||
|
||
return new PlayerInfo
|
||
{
|
||
Name = playerModel.Name.Value,
|
||
Level = playerModel.Level.Value,
|
||
Health = playerModel.Health.Value,
|
||
MaxHealth = playerModel.MaxHealth.Value,
|
||
Gold = this.SendQuery(new GetPlayerGoldQuery()),
|
||
Power = this.SendQuery(new GetPlayerPowerQuery())
|
||
};
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 4. 跨 System 查询
|
||
|
||
```csharp
|
||
// 在 AI System 中查询玩家状态
|
||
public class EnemyAISystem : AbstractSystem
|
||
{
|
||
protected override void OnInit() { }
|
||
|
||
public void UpdateEnemyBehavior(Enemy enemy)
|
||
{
|
||
// 查询玩家位置
|
||
var playerPos = this.SendQuery(new GetPlayerPositionQuery());
|
||
|
||
// 查询玩家是否在攻击范围内
|
||
bool inRange = this.SendQuery(new IsPlayerInRangeQuery
|
||
{
|
||
Position = enemy.Position,
|
||
Range = enemy.AttackRange
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
if (inRange)
|
||
{
|
||
// 查询是否可以攻击
|
||
bool canAttack = this.SendQuery(new CanEnemyAttackQuery
|
||
{
|
||
EnemyId = enemy.Id
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
if (canAttack)
|
||
{
|
||
this.SendCommand(new EnemyAttackCommand { EnemyId = enemy.Id });
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## Command vs Query
|
||
|
||
### Command（命令）
|
||
- **用途**：修改系统状态
|
||
- **返回值**：无返回值（void）
|
||
- **示例**：购买物品、造成伤害、升级角色
|
||
|
||
### Query（查询）
|
||
- **用途**：读取数据，不修改状态
|
||
- **返回值**：有返回值
|
||
- **示例**：获取金币数量、检查技能冷却、查询玩家位置
|
||
|
||
```csharp
|
||
// ❌ 错误：在 Query 中修改状态
|
||
public class BadQuery : AbstractQuery<int>
|
||
{
|
||
protected override int OnDo()
|
||
{
|
||
var model = this.GetModel<PlayerModel>();
|
||
model.Gold.Value += 100; // 不应该在 Query 中修改数据！
|
||
return model.Gold.Value;
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// ✅ 正确：Query 只读取数据
|
||
public class GoodQuery : AbstractQuery<int>
|
||
{
|
||
protected override int OnDo()
|
||
{
|
||
return this.GetModel<PlayerModel>().Gold.Value;
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// ✅ 修改数据应该使用 Command
|
||
public class AddGoldCommand : AbstractCommand
|
||
{
|
||
public int Amount { get; set; }
|
||
|
||
protected override void OnExecute()
|
||
{
|
||
var model = this.GetModel<PlayerModel>();
|
||
model.Gold.Value += Amount;
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## 最佳实践
|
||
|
||
1. **查询只读取，不修改** - 保持 Query 的纯粹性
|
||
2. **小而专注** - 每个 Query 只负责一个具体的查询任务
|
||
3. **可组合** - 复杂查询可以通过组合简单查询实现
|
||
4. **避免过度查询** - 如果需要频繁查询，考虑使用 BindableProperty
|
||
5. **命名清晰** - Query 名称应该清楚表达查询意图（Get、Is、Can、Has等前缀）
|
||
|
||
## 性能优化
|
||
|
||
### 1. 缓存查询结果
|
||
|
||
```csharp
|
||
// 在 Model 中缓存复杂计算
|
||
public class PlayerModel : AbstractModel
|
||
{
|
||
private int? _cachedPower;
|
||
|
||
public int GetPower()
|
||
{
|
||
if (_cachedPower == null)
|
||
{
|
||
_cachedPower = CalculatePower();
|
||
}
|
||
return _cachedPower.Value;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
private int CalculatePower()
|
||
{
|
||
// 复杂计算...
|
||
return 100;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
public void InvalidatePowerCache()
|
||
{
|
||
_cachedPower = null;
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 2. 批量查询
|
||
|
||
```csharp
|
||
// 一次查询多个数据，而不是多次单独查询
|
||
public class GetMultipleItemCountsQuery : AbstractQuery<Dictionary<string, int>>
|
||
{
|
||
public List<string> ItemIds { get; set; }
|
||
|
||
protected override Dictionary<string, int> OnDo()
|
||
{
|
||
var inventory = this.GetModel<InventoryModel>();
|
||
return ItemIds.ToDictionary(id => id, id => inventory.GetItemCount(id));
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## 相关包
|
||
|
||
- [`command`](../command/README.md) - CQRS 的命令部分
|
||
- [`model`](../model/README.md) - Query 主要从 Model 获取数据
|
||
- [`system`](../system/README.md) - System 中可以发送 Query
|
||
- [`controller`](../controller/README.md) - Controller 中可以发送 Query
|
||
- [`extensions`](../extensions/README.md) - 提供 SendQuery 扩展方法 |